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Uniform limits of polynomials on the real line

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Mathematics Area of mathematics Analysis Real analysis Sequence and series Uniform convergence
2026-10-25  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
If real polynomials pn​ converge by uniform convergence to f on all of the real line, then for some N and constants cn​, pn​=pN​+cn​ for every n≥N, with cn​ convergent. Indeed, a common uniform error below one gives ∣pn​−pN​∣<2 everywhere. A bounded polynomial on the real line is constant, since every nonconstant polynomial grows in absolute value at infinity. Evaluating at zero identifies the limit of a sequence of constants, so f=pN​+c is a polynomial. This conclusion depends on the entire real line being the domain.

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  • Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Oxford / 2017 / Prelims / Mathematics II / 5 / d / Solution

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