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Incoming links: Walter Brattain
John Bardeen Created 2026-10-18 Updated 2026-11-05
John Bardeen and Walter Brattain connected semiconductor surface behavior with the operation of the point-contact transistor. Carrier injection near closely spaced contacts allowed a small input to control a larger electrical response, making amplification possible in a solid-state device.[ref]
The Transistor, A Semi-Conductor Triode by John Bardeen and Walter Houser Brattain. Physical Review 74, 230 (1948), device operation
He later coauthored BCS theory, in which a coherent paired-electron ground state explains central properties of conventional superconductivity. This links microscopic interactions with an excitation gap and collective magnetic and thermal response.[ref]
Theory of Superconductivity by John Bardeen and others. Physical Review 108, 1175 (1957), microscopic paired-state theory
A physicist.[ref]
https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1956/bardeen/biographical/?NMW_TRANS=ext. Independent professional profile
Portrait of John Bardeen
. Source. 
Walter Brattain Created 2026-10-24 Updated 2026-11-05
Walter Brattain and John Bardeen demonstrated amplification with a point-contact transistor. Closely spaced contacts on a semiconductor allowed a small controlling signal to alter the current in another circuit. Injection and transport of carriers near the surface made the solid an active amplifier, rather than only a passive resistor. Their report connects semiconductor surface physics with a practical three-terminal electrical device.[ref]
The Transistor, A Semi-Conductor Triode by John Bardeen and Walter Houser Brattain. Physical Review 74, 230 (1948), point-contact amplification
Portrait of Walter Brattain
. Nobel foundation; 1956. Public domain in Sweden (PD-Sweden photograph). Source usage terms, via Wikimedia Commons. Source.