An independent voter is someone who does not formally associate with any political party. Instead of registering with a specific party, they choose to remain unaffiliated, which allows them to vote based on individual candidates and issues rather than adhering to a party platform. Independent voters may hold a range of political beliefs and may be influenced by factors such as current events, candidate qualities, and specific policies, rather than strict party ideology.

The term "double majority" can refer to different concepts depending on the context, but it generally involves two distinct criteria that must be met for a decision or action to be considered valid or approved. 1. **Political Context**: In some voting systems, a double majority is required for certain types of decisions, such as constitutional changes or significant legislative measures.

The probabilistic voting model is a theoretical framework used in political science and economics to analyze how voters make decisions in elections. This model incorporates randomness and uncertainty into the voting process, suggesting that voters do not always have fixed preferences but instead have probabilistic attitudes toward candidates or policy options. Here are key aspects of the probabilistic voting model: 1. **Uncertainty in Preferences**: Instead of having clear and deterministic preferences, voters are characterized by a range of preferences that can change based on various factors.

A supermajority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a higher threshold of approval than a simple majority. In many contexts, a supermajority might require a two-thirds (66.67%) or three-quarters (75%) majority of votes to pass a decision, amendment, or piece of legislation.

The Tournament solution is a concept from cooperative game theory, particularly related to the assignment of value to players in a cooperative game. It is designed to address situations where players may form coalitions and collaborate to achieve better outcomes collectively than they could alone. In the context of cooperative games, the Tournament solution is often associated with scenarios where players can compete against one another in a tournament-like structure, and it involves determining how to fairly allocate resources or payoffs based on the outcomes of these competitions.

The symmetric difference of two sets is a concept in set theory that represents the elements that are in either of the sets but not in their intersection. In simpler terms, it includes the elements that are unique to each set.

Erdős number is a way of describing the "collaborative distance" between an author and the Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős, who was known for his extensive collaboration with many mathematicians. The concept was introduced to highlight the collaborative nature of mathematical research. - Erdős himself has an Erdős number of 0. - Mathematicians who co-authored a paper with Erdős have an Erdős number of 1.

A maritime call sign is a unique identifier assigned to a ship or maritime radio station for communication purposes. These call signs are part of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) and are used in radio communications to ensure that messages can be directed to the correct vessel or station. Call signs typically consist of a combination of letters and numbers and are registered with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) or relevant national authorities.

An ENI number, or "Employer's National Identification Number," is a unique identification number assigned to employers in certain countries, specifically in Italy. It is used for various administrative purposes, including tax and social security contributions. The ENI number helps authorities track employer-related obligations and ensures accurate record-keeping for employment and taxation purposes.

NGC 6334, also known as the Cat's Paw Nebula, is an emission nebula located in the constellation Scorpius. It is situated approximately 5,500 light-years away from Earth and is one of the most active star-forming regions in our galaxy. The Cat's Paw Nebula is notable for its distinctive shape, which resembles a cat's paw, hence its name.

A pasquinade is a form of satirical writing or public ridicule, often presented in the form of a poem, poster, or other written material that is displayed in a public place. Traditionally, pasquinades were used to criticize or mock public figures, political issues, or societal norms.

The term "official number" can refer to different concepts depending on the context in which it is used. Here are a few possible interpretations: 1. **Government or Organization Identification**: In many countries, "official number" might refer to a unique identifier assigned by a government agency or official body. This could include identification numbers such as Social Security numbers, tax identification numbers, or business registration numbers.

A ship identifier is a unique code or number assigned to a vessel to distinguish it from other ships. These identifiers serve various purposes, including tracking, registry, and safety. Some common types of ship identifiers include: 1. **IMO Number**: The International Maritime Organization assigns a unique 7-digit number to each commercial vessel. This number remains with the ship throughout its operational lifetime, even if it changes names or ownership.

NGC 7822 is an emission nebula located in the constellation Cepheus. It is part of a larger molecular cloud complex and is associated with active star formation. The nebula is about 3,000 light-years away from Earth and spans approximately 6 light-years across. NGC 7822 contains several young, hot stars that ionize the surrounding gas and dust, creating the characteristic glow of an emission nebula.

An area code split is a telecommunications practice used to address the depletion of available telephone numbers within a particular area code. When the number of telephone numbers in a region becomes limited, regulatory authorities, such as the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States, may decide to create a new area code. The process typically involves dividing the existing area code into two or more zones, each receiving its own area code.

Equivalent carbon content (often abbreviated as ECC or sometimes represented as C_eq) is a concept used primarily in materials science and metallurgy, particularly in the context of steel and alloy production. It provides a way to quantify the effect of various alloying elements on the hardness, strength, and weldability of steel.

International Premium Rate Service (IPRS) refers to a telecommunication service that allows callers to connect to services in another country at a higher rate than standard international calls. Typically, these calls are made to premium-rate numbers, which provide services like entertainment, customer support, information hotlines, and more.

Personal numbering refers to a system of numbering that is assigned to individuals for identification purposes. It is often used in various systems, such as telecommunications, banking, and government services. Here are a few contexts in which personal numbering might apply: 1. **Telecommunications**: In the context of phone systems, personal numbers may refer to Direct Inward Dialing (DID) numbers or virtual numbers assigned to individuals that allow them to be reached directly without going through a switchboard.

A telephone prefix, often referred to as an area code or exchange code, is a set of digits that precedes a local phone number and helps route calls to the correct geographic area. The structure of telephone numbers typically includes the country code, followed by an area code (or telephone prefix), and then the local number.

The term "trunk prefix" can refer to a few different contexts, but it is primarily associated with telecommunications, specifically in the context of defining how phone numbers are dialed in a particular region or network. 1. **Telecommunications**: In the context of telephone networks, a trunk prefix is a specific digit or series of digits that must be dialed before a national or international number when making a call.