BTX refers to a group of three aromatic hydrocarbons: benzene, toluene, and xylene. These compounds are important in the field of chemistry and have significant industrial applications. 1. **Benzene**: A simple aromatic hydrocarbon with the formula C6H6. It is a foundational compound in organic chemistry and is used as a precursor in the production of various chemicals, including plastics, resins, and synthetic fibers.

The Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics is a research institution located in Halle, Germany. It is part of the Max Planck Society, which is renowned for its high-level research in various scientific fields. Established in the year 1994, the institute focuses on the fundamental properties of materials at the microstructural level, particularly in the fields of condensed matter physics, nanotechnology, and materials science.

The Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics (APCTP) is a research institution located in Pohang, South Korea, dedicated to advancing research in theoretical physics. Established in 1996, the center aims to promote collaborative research and foster communication among physicists in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond. APCTP focuses on various fields of theoretical physics, including but not limited to particle physics, condensed matter physics, and cosmology.

The Jožef Stefan Institute (Institut Jožef Stefan, IJS) is a leading research institution in Slovenia, primarily focused on natural sciences and engineering. Founded in 1949 and named after the renowned physicist Jožef Stefan, the institute plays a critical role in scientific research and innovation in the country and the broader European region. The IJS conducts interdisciplinary research in various domains, including physics, chemistry, biology, and information technology.

The Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) is a research institution based in the Czech Republic that is part of the Czech Academy of Sciences (AS CR). It focuses on various aspects of atmospheric science and aims to improve the understanding of atmospheric processes and their impact on climate and weather.

Electrothermal instability refers to a phenomenon that can occur in certain types of systems, particularly in plasmas and semiconductor devices, where an interplay between thermal conductivity and electric fields leads to unstable conditions. In essence, it describes a situation in which an increase in temperature can lead to an increase in electric current, which in turn can cause further heating, creating a feedback loop that can result in significant fluctuations or even catastrophic failure.

The Sack–Schamel equation is a mathematical model used to describe the behavior of certain types of non-linear wave phenomena, particularly in plasma physics and fluid dynamics. It is often employed in the study of solitary waves, which are stable, localized waves that can travel over considerable distances without changing shape.

In mathematics, a "bring radical" refers to a specific type of radical expression used to solve equations involving higher-degree polynomials, especially the general quintic equation. The bring radical is derived from the "Bring-Jerrard form" of a cubic polynomial. In essence, the Bring radical is often studied in the context of finding roots of polynomials that do not have explicit formulas involving only radicals for degrees five and higher.

Tensiomyography (TMG) is a non-invasive diagnostic tool used to assess muscle function and determine muscle contractile properties. It measures the muscle's response to electrical stimulation, providing data on muscle tone, contraction time, relaxation time, and other parameters. In a typical TMG procedure, a small electrical impulse is delivered to the muscle, and specialized sensors placed on the skin record the muscle's contraction and relaxation patterns.

Lorden's inequality is a statistical result that provides a bound on the probability of a certain event when dealing with the detection of a change in a stochastic process. Specifically, it is often discussed in the context of change-point detection problems, where the goal is to detect a shift in the behavior of a time series or sequence of observations.

Polynomial evaluation refers to the process of calculating the value of a polynomial expression for a given input (usually a numerical value). A polynomial is a mathematical expression consisting of variables raised to non-negative integer powers, combined using addition, subtraction, and multiplication.

"Jacques" is an album by the French musician and singer-songwriter Philippe Katerine, released in 2020. The album features a mix of pop, French chanson, and experimental sounds, showcasing Katerine's unique style and eclectic influences. Known for its playful and surreal lyrics, "Jacques" continues Katerine's exploration of various musical genres and themes.

In the context of mathematics, particularly in topology and related fields, a "maximal arc" typically refers to a segment or a subset of a space that cannot be extended further while maintaining certain properties—often related to continuity or connectedness. The term is often associated with the study of curves or paths in metric spaces or topological spaces.

A focused proof is a type of logical reasoning and argumentation used primarily in formal settings, such as mathematics or computer science, to establish the validity of a statement or the correctness of a program. The concept emphasizes clarity and direct relevance, ensuring that each step of the proof contributes meaningfully to the conclusion without extraneous information.

An ultraconnected space is a concept in topology—a branch of mathematics that studies the properties of space that are preserved under continuous transformations. A topological space \( X \) is called **ultraconnected** if it is non-empty and any two open sets in \( X \) intersect non-trivially, meaning that the intersection of any two non-empty open sets is not empty.

The double-well potential is a concept commonly used in physics, particularly in quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, and field theory. It refers to a type of potential energy function that has two local minima, which can be visualized as two wells separated by a barrier (the hills between the wells). This form of potential is significant in describing systems that have multiple stable states and can transition between them.

Quantum Electronics is a scientific journal that focuses on the field of quantum electronics, which encompasses the study of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter at the quantum level. This includes topics such as lasers, optical properties of materials, quantum optics, photonics, and related technologies. The journal typically publishes original research articles, reviews, and theoretical and experimental studies that advance the understanding of quantum phenomena in electronic and photonic systems.