Real-time computing refers to computer systems or applications that process data and provide responses or outputs within a specified time frame, often in response to external events. The defining characteristic of real-time computing is its ability to deliver timely results, where the correctness of the computation depends not only on the logical result but also on the time at which the result is delivered. Here are some key concepts associated with real-time computing: 1. **Timing Constraints**: Real-time systems must operate under strict timing constraints.

Real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning is a satellite navigation technique used to enhance the precision of position data derived from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou. It is commonly employed in applications that require high accuracy, such as surveying, agriculture, construction, and autonomous vehicles.

U-Report is a social messaging tool designed to facilitate communication and engagement between communities and organizations, particularly in the context of social development and humanitarian efforts. It was initiated by UNICEF (the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) to gather real-time data, opinions, and feedback from young people and communities.

Charles Adolphe Wurtz (1817–1884) was a French chemist renowned for his contributions to organic chemistry and for his work on the study of chemical compounds. He is particularly known for his research on the chemistry of heterocyclic compounds and for the development of various synthetic methods. Wurtz is also credited with the discovery of certain chemical reactions and the synthesis of organic compounds.

Jacques Miller is an Australian immunologist renowned for his pioneering research in the field of immunology, particularly for his work on the role of the thymus gland in the development of T cells (a type of white blood cell essential for the adaptive immune response). He is best known for discovering the importance of the thymus in the maturation of T lymphocytes, leading to significant advancements in understanding the immune system.

Alec Jeffreys is a British geneticist renowned for his pioneering work in the field of DNA profiling and genetic fingerprinting. He developed the technique of DNA fingerprinting in 1984, which allows for the identification of individuals based on unique patterns in their DNA. This groundbreaking method has had significant applications in forensic science, paternity testing, and genetic research.

Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913) was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, and biologist best known for his contributions to the theory of evolution by natural selection, which he developed independently of Charles Darwin. Wallace's work laid foundational principles in biogeography and ecology, and he is recognized for co-discovering the mechanism of evolution alongside Darwin.

Everard Home is a facility that provides support and accommodation for young people, particularly those who are vulnerable or in need of assistance. It typically focuses on helping individuals transition to independent living, offering services such as counseling, life skills training, and educational support.

Frederick Sanger was a renowned British biochemist who made significant contributions to the field of molecular biology and genetics. Born on August 13, 1918, and passing away on November 19, 2013, Sanger is best known for developing methods for sequencing DNA and proteins, which have had a tremendous impact on biology and medicine.

Hugh Huxley is known for his contributions to the field of biology, particularly in cell biology and biophysics. He was a prominent scientist who conducted significant research on muscle contraction and the structure of biological tissues. One of his influential works involved the study of the molecular structure of actin and myosin, which are essential proteins in muscle function. Huxley is also noted for his role in developing the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction, which explains how muscles contract at a molecular level.

William Snow Harris was a notable 19th-century British scientist and inventor, primarily known for his contributions in the fields of electrical engineering and meteorology. He made significant advancements in the study of electricity and its applications, particularly in relation to telegraphy. Harris is also recognized for his invention of the "Harris Lightning Conductor," an early form of lightning rod that was designed to protect buildings from lightning strikes. Furthermore, he contributed to the understanding of atmospheric electricity.

James Dwight Dana (1813–1895) was an American geologist, mineralogist, and paleontologist known for his extensive contributions to the natural sciences, particularly in the fields of geology and mineralogy. He played a pivotal role in the development of the science of geology in the United States during the 19th century.

Jean-André Deluc (1727–1817) was a Swiss geologist and naturalist known for his contributions to the fields of geology and mineralogy. He is particularly recognized for his work on the formation of rocks and minerals, as well as his studies on glaciers and the impact of glacial activity on the landscape. Deluc was instrumental in advancing the understanding of geological processes during a time when the field was still developing.

John Dollond (1706–1761) was an English optician and inventor renowned for his work in the field of optics, particularly for his advancements in the design and manufacture of telescopes. He is best known for developing the achromatic lens, which significantly reduced the chromatic aberration that plagued telescopes of his time. The achromatic lens combines two or more different types of glass to correct for color distortion, allowing for clearer and more accurate images.

John Goodricke was an English astronomer and meteorologist, born on September 17, 1764, and died on April 20, 1786. He is known for his significant contributions to the study of variable stars, particularly his work on the nearby star, Algol (Beta Persei), which is one of the first variable stars to be recognized as such.

John Hunter (1728–1793) was a Scottish surgeon, anatomist, and botanist known for his significant contributions to the field of surgery and the study of human anatomy. He is often regarded as one of the founders of modern surgery and is notable for his innovative techniques and rigorous scientific approach to the study of the human body.

Polymorphic recursion refers to a form of recursion where a function can call itself with different types of arguments at different levels of the recursion. This means that the type of the arguments (and possibly the return type) can vary across recursive calls. Polymorphic recursion is typically associated with languages that support type polymorphism, such as ML, Haskell, or Scala.

Macfarlane Burnet (1899–1985) was an Australian virologist and immunologist who made significant contributions to the field of medicine, particularly in the study of viruses and the immune system. He is best known for his work on the immune response, specifically the concept of acquired immunity, and for his research on influenza and other viral infections.

Michel Eugène Chevreul (1786–1889) was a French chemist best known for his work in the study of fats and oils, as well as his contributions to the understanding of color theory. One of his most significant achievements in chemistry was the discovery of the fatty acids, which played a crucial role in the development of the soap and textile industries. In addition to his work in chemistry, Chevreul made important contributions to the field of color theory.

Richard Henderson is a prominent British biologist known for his pioneering work in the field of structural biology, particularly in the area of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2017, alongside Jacques Dubochet and Joachim Frank, for their contributions to the development of this technique, which allows scientists to visualize the structures of biological macromolecules at very high resolutions.