Jean-Marie Guyau (1854-1888) was a French philosopher, poet, and sociologist known for his contributions to the fields of ethics and aesthetics. He was a prominent figure in the late 19th century and is often associated with the French philosophical movement known as "naturalism." Guyau's work often focused on the importance of social and ethical values, emphasizing the role of individual experience and emotion in moral philosophy.

As of my last update in October 2021, there isn't widely recognized information about someone named Jessica Wahman. It's possible that she could be a private individual or a rising figure in a specific field after that time. If you have more context about who she is or what she is associated with, I could provide better assistance.

José Ortega y Gasset (1883–1955) was a prominent Spanish philosopher, essayist, and cultural critic, known for his influential contributions to modern philosophy and social thought. He is often associated with the philosophical movement known as "ratiovitalism," which emphasizes the importance of both reason and life experience in understanding human existence.

Lawrence Shapiro is an American philosopher known for his work in the fields of philosophy of mind, cognitive science, and philosophy of biology. He has explored topics such as consciousness, perception, and the nature of mental representation. Shapiro has contributed to discussions on how cognitive processes relate to physical states and the implications of these relationships for understanding the mind. His work often intersects with discussions on externalism and the role of the environment in shaping cognitive processes.

Lucy O'Brien is a prominent philosopher known for her work in the fields of feminist philosophy, philosophy of mind, and ethics. She has made significant contributions to the understanding of personal identity, moral responsibility, and the nature of self. O'Brien is often recognized for her explorations of how gender and social constructs influence our understanding of self and identity. Her writing might include discussions on the role of emotions in moral philosophy, as well as the philosophical implications of feminist issues.

Nikolai Fyodorovich Fyodorov (1829–1903) was a Russian philosopher, librarian, and a key figure in the Russian cosmism movement. He is best known for his ideas on the relationship between humanity and the cosmos, as well as his views on resurrection and immortality.

Nomy Arpaly is a contemporary philosopher known for her work in ethics, moral psychology, and the philosophy of action. She has contributed to discussions on topics such as moral responsibility, free will, and the nature of action. Arpaly is known for her distinctive views on moral responsibility, arguing against the traditional compatibilist and incompatibilist positions. Her writings often explore how understanding human psychology influences our views on ethics and moral accountability.

Patanjali refers to several concepts, primarily associated with yoga and Indian philosophy. Here are the main contexts in which the term is used: 1. **Patanjali the Sage**: Patanjali is traditionally regarded as the author of the *Yoga Sutras*, a foundational text in the philosophy and practice of yoga. This work, composed in Sanskrit, outlines the principles of yoga, meditation, and moral conduct, and is essential for understanding classical yoga philosophy.

In programming, particularly in the context of functional programming and certain languages like Haskell and JavaScript, the term "strict function" has a specific meaning. A strict function is a function that evaluates its arguments before executing its body. In other words, a strict function demands that its arguments must be fully determined before the function is applied.

Duckling is an open-source natural language processing (NLP) tool created by Facebook, primarily used for parsing and understanding natural language input, particularly for tasks like entity recognition. It is designed to extract structured information from unstructured text, such as identifying dates, times, quantities, and other meaningful entities within sentences. Duckling supports multiple languages and is often used in conjunction with chatbots and conversational interfaces to improve the understanding of user input.

ICME stands for Integrated Computational Materials Engineering, which is a field that focuses on the development and application of computational methods and tools to analyze and predict material behavior across multiple scales, from atomic to macroscopic levels. The concept of ICME cyberinfrastructure encompasses the computational resources, tools, software, and data management practices that facilitate research and development in this area.

e-Science infrastructures refer to the advanced digital frameworks and resources that support scientific research through the use of computing and information technologies. These infrastructures facilitate collaboration, data sharing, and various computational tasks across disciplines. Below is a list of notable e-Science infrastructures: 1. **GRID Computing** - **Open Science Grid (OSG)**: A resource for scientific research that provides a distributed computing environment.

MATHUSLA (Massive Absence of THresholL for Ultra-stable particles) is a proposed experiment designed to search for very light, long-lived particles that might be produced at high-energy particle colliders like the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). These particles could be candidates for dark matter or other new physics beyond the Standard Model.

The Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC) is a research facility located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, that specializes in high-performance computing (HPC), data analytics, and advanced scientific research. Established in 1986 as a collaborative effort between Carnegie Mellon University, the University of Pittsburgh, and the National Science Foundation, the PSC has played a pivotal role in providing computational resources and expertise to researchers across various fields, such as biology, physics, engineering, and social sciences.

GPGPU stands for General-Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units. It refers to the use of a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) to perform computation that is traditionally handled by the CPU (Central Processing Unit). GPGPU libraries are specialized software libraries designed to facilitate general-purpose computing on GPUs by providing tools, frameworks, and APIs to enable developers to leverage the parallel processing capabilities of GPUs for non-graphics workloads.

AMD Instinct is a brand of high-performance computing (HPC) and artificial intelligence (AI) accelerators developed by AMD (Advanced Micro Devices). These accelerators are designed to handle demanding workloads, particularly in the fields of machine learning, deep learning, scientific simulations, and data analytics. The AMD Instinct lineup primarily includes products based on AMD's RDNA and CDNA architectures, with the latter specifically optimized for compute-intensive tasks.

A compute kernel is a function or a small piece of code that is executed on a processing unit, such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), typically within the context of parallel computing. Compute kernels are fundamental to leveraging the capabilities of parallel architectures, allowing applications to perform large-scale computations efficiently.

Graphics Core Next (GCN) is an architecture developed by AMD (Advanced Micro Devices) for its family of GPUs (graphics processing units). Introduced in 2011 with the AMD Radeon HD 7000 series, GCN represents a significant evolution in GPU design, focusing on compute performance, efficiency, and flexibility for various applications, including gaming, professional visualization, and compute workloads.

An open-source management system refers to software tools or frameworks that facilitate the management of processes, projects, resources, or information, and whose source code is publicly available for anyone to inspect, modify, and distribute. These systems typically serve a variety of purposes, such as project management, human resources management, content management, customer relationship management (CRM), and more.

The Ordinal Priority Approach (OPA) is a method used in decision-making and resource allocation that prioritizes options or actions based on their rank or order of importance rather than their exact value or quantity. This approach is commonly employed in various fields, including project management, operations research, and multi-criteria decision analysis.