Silicon Valley (TV series) Updated 2025-07-16
Liquid nitrogen Updated 2025-07-16
77K. Low enough for "high temperature superconductors" such as yttrium barium copper oxide, but for "low temperature superconductors", you need to go much lower, typically with liquid helium, which is likely much more expensive. TODO by how much?
Where Do You Get Liquid Nitrogen? by The King of Random (2016)
Source. He just goes to a medical gases shop in a local industrial estate and buys 20L for 95 dollars and brings it back on his own Dewar marked 35LD.Making Liquid Nitrogen From Scratch! by Veritasium (2019)
Source. "From scratch" is perhaps a bit clickbaity, but I'll take it. Local symmetry Updated 2025-07-16
Local symmetries appear to be a synonym to internal symmetry, see description at: Section "Internal and spacetime symmetries".
A local symmetry is a transformation that you apply a different transformation for each point, instead of a single transformation for every point.
Bibliography:
- lecture 3
- physics.stackexchange.com/questions/48188/local-and-global-symmetries
- www.physics.rutgers.edu/grad/618/lects/localsym.pdf by Joel Shapiro gives one nice high level intuitive idea:
- Quora:
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification Updated 2025-07-16
Like PCR, but does not require thermal cycling. Thus the "isothermal" in the name: iso means same, so "same temperature".
Not needing the thermo cycling means that the equipment needed is much smaller and cheaper it seems.
Lost Horse LLC Updated 2025-07-16
www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/people/mackenzie-scott-how-the-former-mrs-bezos-became-a-philanthropist-like-no-other-1.4850049 MacKenzie Scott: How the former Mrs Bezos became a philanthropist like no other (2020) has some good mentions:
But as Scott's fame for giving away money has grown, so too has the deluge of appeals for gifts from strangers and old friends alike. That clamour may have driven Scott's already discreet operation further underground, with recent philanthropic announcements akin to sudden lightning bolts for unsuspecting recipients.
Lowering and raising Updated 2025-07-16
Lysozyme structure resolution (1965) Updated 2025-07-16
With X-ray crystallography by David Chilton Phillips. The second protein to be resolved fter after myoglobin, and the first enzyme.
Published at: Structure of Hen Egg-White Lysozyme: A Three-dimensional Fourier Synthesis at 2 Å Resolution (1965). The work was done while at the Davy Faraday Research Laboratory of the Royal Institution.
Phillips also published a lower resolution (6angstrom) of the enzyme-inhibitor complexes at about the same time: Structure of Some Crystalline Lysozyme-Inhibitor Complexes Determined by X-Ray Analysis At 6 Å Resolution (1965). The point of doing this is that it points out the active site of the enzyme.
MakeCode Miro Bit Updated 2025-07-16
Microbit simulator using some Microsoft framework.
TODO the Python code from there does not seem to run on the microbit via
uflash, because it is not MicroPython.support.microbit.org/support/solutions/articles/19000111744-makecode-python-and-micropython explains.
forum.makecode.com/t/help-understanding-local-build-options/6130 asks how to compile locally and suggests it is possible. Seems to require Yotta, so presumably compiles?
Mamonas Assassinas Updated 2025-07-16
This incredibly foul mouthed band was incredibly funny.
Ciro Santilli was a bit young to understand the songs at the time, but the older boys were singing them, and he sang along. So maybe there is a nostalgia factor in play.
But it can't be just that. They are just too funny and brutal, even when Ciro re-listens to it as of 2020.
Many Brazilian religious cranks in were really happy when their plane crashed and killed all of them in 1996.
Official YouTube channel: www.youtube.com/channel/UCPmfP5LNbxYwlN0k6C3F_6w
Best songs:
- Pelados Em Santos (1995). Not too amazing, they only try to be funny by making fun of the North-Eastern accent of Brazil, which is considered somewhat funny in São Paulo, and they fail at being funny.But it talks about Santos, São Paulo, Brazil, Ciro's idolized city, so let's hear it. They didn't live in Santos apparently, but being from São Paulo City, they would have been familiar with that popular local beach location.
Management Updated 2025-07-16
DealBook Conference 2015 - Activist Investing by New York Times Events (2015)
Source. At this timestamp, Carl Icahn tells an anecdote of how he found that an entire 12-floor building of the American Car and Foundry Company which he had recently bought was not doing anything useful, and fired the entire building. Maxwell's equations are Lorentz invariant Updated 2025-07-16
Subtle is the Lord by Abraham Pais (1982) chapter III "Relativity, the special theory" mentions that this fact and its importance (we want the laws of physics to look the same on all inertial frames, AKA Lorentz covariance) was first fully relized by poincaré in 1905.
And at that same time poincaré also immediately started to think about the other fundamental force then known: gravity, and off the bat realized that gravitational waves must exist. general relativities is probably just "the simplest way to make gravity Lorentz covariant".
Metallurgical Laboratory Updated 2025-07-16
The lab that made Chicago Pile-1, located in the University of Chicago. Metallurgical in this context basically as in "working with the metals uranium and plutonium".
Given their experience, they also designed the important X-10 Graphite Reactor and the B Reactor which were built in other locations.
Meteor (web framework) Updated 2025-07-16
The idea is cool. It really unifies front-and back end.
But Ciro Santilli feels the approach proposed by FeathersJS of being a glue between bigger third-party Front-end web frameworks like React and backend (object-relational mapping) is more promising and flexible.
Minkowski space Updated 2025-07-16
Because the Minkowski inner product product is not positive definite, the norm induced by an inner product is a norm, and the space is not a metric space strictly speaking.
Mitochondria have DNA because they need to be controlled individually Updated 2025-07-16
Argued at Power, Sex, Suicide by Nick Lane (2006) page 212.
Basically, energy supply has to be modulated rather quickly, because we spend a lot sometimes, and very little other times.
Even not turning it off quickly enough is a problem, as it starts to generate free radicals which fuck you up.
If control came from the nucleus, it has no way to address different mitochondria. But it might be that only one of the mitochondria needs the change. If the nucleus tells all mitochondria to stop producing when only one is full, the others are going to say: "nope, I'm not full, continue producing!" and the one that need to stop will have its signal overridden by the others.
Mitochondrial protein import Updated 2025-07-16
The process that imports proteins encoded in the nuclear DNA and made in the cytosol into the mitochondria.
Power, Sex, Suicide by Nick Lane (2006) suggests that proteins are somehow tagged with extra amino acids for this.
MNIST database Updated 2025-07-16
70,000 28x28 grayscale (1 byte per pixel) images of hand-written digits 0-9, i.e. 10 categories. 60k are considered training data, 10k are considered for test data.
This is THE "OG" computer vision dataset.
Playing with it is the de-facto computer vision hello world.
It was on this dataset that Yann LeCun made great progress with the LeNet model. Running LeNet on MNIST has to be the most classic computer vision thing ever. See e.g. activatedgeek/LeNet-5 for a minimal and modern PyTorch educational implementation.
But it is important to note that as of the 2010's, the benchmark had become too easy for many applications. It is perhaps fair to say that the next big dataset revolution of the same importance was with ImageNet.
The dataset could be downloaded from yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/ but as of March 2025 it was down and seems to have broken from time to time randomly, so Wayback Machine to the rescue:but doing so is kind of pointless as both files use some crazy single-file custom binary format to store all images and labels. OMG!
wget \
https://web.archive.org/web/20120828222752/http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/train-images-idx3-ubyte.gz \
https://web.archive.org/web/20120828182504/http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/train-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz \
https://web.archive.org/web/20240323235739/http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/t10k-images-idx3-ubyte.gz \
https://web.archive.org/web/20240328174015/http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/t10k-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz
OK-ish data explorer: knowyourdata-tfds.withgoogle.com/#tab=STATS&dataset=mnist
Momentum operator Updated 2025-07-16
In three dimensions In position representation, we define it by using the gradient, and so we see that
Monotreme Updated 2025-07-16
Moon Updated 2025-07-16
Unlisted articles are being shown, click here to show only listed articles.