Blade server by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Figure 1. Source. Good image from Wikimedia Commons. In this one we can see how the blades are put vertically, and you get several of them per horizontal rack space, instead of a tipical single rack server going all the way horizontally.
Video 1.
HP Blade Server by Brian Kirsch (2013)
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In the video we can see that it contains RAM, disk storage, we are told about two CPUs, and networking interfaces, so it is a complete computer on its own. He also explains that unlike typical rack servers, each blade unit does not have its own coolers and power supply related hardware, which goes instead on the chassis.
IMEC by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Video 1.
imec: The Semiconductor Watering Hole by Asianometry (2022)
Source. A key thing they do is have a small prototype fab that brings in-development equipment from different vendors together to make sure the are working well together. Cool.
ASML Holding by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
As of 2020 leading makers of the most important fab photolithography equipment.
Video 1.
ASML: TSMC's Critical Supplier by Asianometry (2021)
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Video 2.
How ASML Won Lithography by Asianometry (2021)
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First there were dominant Elmer and Geophysics Corporation of America dominating the market.
Then a Japanese government project managed to make Nikon and Canon Inc. catch up, and in 1989, when Ciro Santilli was born, they had 70% of the market.
youtu.be/SB8qIO6Ti_M?t=240 In 1995, ASML had reached 25% market share. Then it managed the folloging faster than the others:
Arm (company) by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Video 1.
Arm 30 Years On: Episode One by Arm Ltd. (2022)
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Video 2.
Arm 30 Years On: Episode Two by Arm Ltd. (2022)
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Video 3.
Arm 30 Years On: Episode Three by Arm Ltd. (2022)
Source. This one is boring US expansion. Other two are worth it.
Qualcomm by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Ciro Santilli has always had a good impression of these people.
Reverse transcriptase by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Converts RNA to DNA, i.e. the inverse of transcription. Found in viruses such as Retrovirus, which includes e.g. HIV.
Radio receiver by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
As well put by Wikipedia, a radio receiver has to perform three functions on the signal from the antenna:
Qiskit by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Python library, claims multiple backends, including simulation and real IBM quantum computer.
Just like as for classic gates, we would like to be able to select quantum computer physical implementations that can represent one or a few gates that can be used to create any quantum circuit.
Unfortunately, in the case of quantum circuits this is obviously impossible, since the space of N x N unitary matrices is infinite and continuous.
Therefore, when we say that certain gates form a "set of universal quantum gates", we actually mean that "any unitary matrix can be approximated to arbitrary precision with enough of these gates".
Or if you like fancy Mathy words, you can say that the subgroup of the unitary group generated by our basic gate set is a dense subset of the unitary group.

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