Sparse matrix by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Super-resolution microscopy by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Super-resolution means resolution beyond the diffraction limit.
First you shine a lot of light which saturates most fluorophores, leaving very few active.
They you can observe fluorophores firing one by one. Their exact position is a bit stochastic and beyond the diffraction limit, but so long as there aren't to many in close proximity, you can wait for it to fire a bunch of times, and the center of the Gaussian is the actual location.
From this we see that super-resolution microscopy is basically a space-time tradeoff: the more time we wait, the better spacial resolution we get. But we can't do it if things are moving too fast in the sample.
Tradeoff with cryoEM: you get to see things moving in live cell. Electron microscopy fully kills cells, so you have no chance of seeing anything that moves ever.
Caveats:
  • initial illumination to saturate most fluorophores I think can still kill cells, things get harder the less light you put in. So it's not like you don't kill things at all necessarily, you just get a chance not to
  • the presence fluorophore disturbs the system slightly, and is not at the same Exact location of the protein of interest
Overfitting by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Open-source intelligence by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
International Standard Music Number by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Why was this so rarely used as of 2020s compared to ISBNs? It would have been perfect for helping find obscure records from Chinese traditional music and Indian classical music!
But instead we have Discogs, which is not too bad.
Cladogram by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
TODO vs Phylogenetic tree? www.visiblebody.com/blog/phylogenetic-trees-cladograms-and-how-to-read-them:
Cladograms and phylogenetic trees are functionally very similar, but they show different things. Cladograms do not indicate time or the amount of difference between groups, whereas phylogenetic trees often indicate time spans between branching points.
Type of programming language by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Lowering and raising by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Lowering means translating to a lower level representation.
Raising means translating to a higher level representation.
Decompilation is basically a synonym, or subset, of raising.
Go engine by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Pre-trained computer vision model by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Lossless and lossy compression by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Original gangster by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
IP stack fingerprinting by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Calling convention by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Webcam by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Field (physics) by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Quantum Field Theory lecture notes by David Tong (2007) puts it well:
In classical physics, the primary reason for introducing the concept of the field is to construct laws of Nature that are local. The old laws of Coulomb and Newton involve "action at a distance". This means that the force felt by an electron (or planet) changes immediately if a distant proton (or star) moves. This situation is philosophically unsatisfactory. More importantly, it is also experimentally wrong. The field theories of Maxwell and Einstein remedy the situation, with all interactions mediated in a local fashion by the field.
This is also mentioned e.g. at Video "The Quantum Experiment that ALMOST broke Locality by The Science Asylum (2019)".
Computer vision dataset by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created
Comma-separated values by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated +Created

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