Step of electronic design automation that maps the register transfer level input (e.g. Verilog) to a standard cell library.
The output of this step is another Verilog file, but one that exclusively uses interlinked cell library components.
Observation that all solids appear to have the same constant heat capacity per mole.
It can be seen as the limit case of an Einstein solid at high temperatures. At lower temperatures, the heat capacity depends on temperature.
Ciro Santilli is extremely passionate about this issue, partly due to Ciro Santilli's self perceived compassionate personality.
Ciro Santilli's main approaches to reduce it:
One of Ciro's most direct experiences with social inequality is described at: São Remo, the favela next to USP.
We have to be careful not to make everyone poorer when trying to reduce inequality.
But as things stand as of 2020, increasing taxes on the very richest, and notably wealth tax, and investing it in free gifted education, seems like a safe bet to achieve any meaningful level of equal opportunity and meritocracy.
PDF table of contents feature requests: twitter.com/cirosantilli/status/1459844683925008385
The main way to sequence DNA methylation. Converts methylated cytosine to uracil, and then we can sequence those.
Disk encryption password handover plausible deniability by 
Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-01 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-01 +Created 1970-01-01Can we do better than "wrong password implies random bytes"?
Can the last disk access times be checked via forensic methods?
Just add GDB Dashboard, and you're good to go.
The common ones.
Why it takes several days to enter inflammatory phase in COVID-19? by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-01 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-01 +Created 1970-01-01Why is it there such a clear separation of phases?
Why do people with mild symptoms go on to die? It is a great mystery.
Ciro Santilli's theory is that COVID is extremely effective at avoiding immune response. Then, in people where this is effective, things reach a point where there is so much virus, that the body notices and moves on to take a more drastic approach. This is compatible with the virus killing older people more, as they have weaker immunes systems. This is however incompatible with the fact that people don't seem to be contagious after the viral phase is over...
Maxwell's equations imply that the speed of light is the same for all inertial reference frames by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-01 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-01 +Created 1970-01-01Rickrolling lyrics were mined several times into the blockchain.
The first currently known instance is as a link right during the prayer wars on block 142573 (2011-08-25) as the miner message:which redirects to www.youtube.com/watch?v=mGDuExhS6Nw&blockchain
Militant atheists, bit.ly/naNhG2 -- happy now?"
Around block block 246k (e.g. 27b7c526489dac8245747fa1c425a2e3eb07dea57b294eb4ae583fec9b859fcf, 2013-10-17) we note several transactions starting with a XML format followed by lyrics also base64 encoded as part of the XML metadata. Hidden surprises in the Bitcoin blockchain by Ken Shirriff (2014) was not able to identify the exact format either. At twitter.com/EMBII4U/status/1655831533750562816 EMBII mentions that this was part of an upload test.
<CG SZ="1156"><MG>... the first one being 0b4efe49ea1454020c4d51a163a93f726a20cd75ad50bb9ed0f4623c141a8008 As mentioned not very clearly at www.righto.com/2014/02/ascii-bernanke-wikileaks-photographs.html#ref12 the content of the first <MG><payload></MG> is a Base64 encoded stringCatagory: Poetry
Title: Never Gonna Give You Up
Performer: Rick Astley
Writer: Mike Stock, Matt Aitken, Pete Waterman
Label: RCA Recordstx d29c9c0e8e4d2a9790922af73f0b8d51f0bd4bb19940d9cf910ead8fbe85bc9b (2013-11-13) contains a plaintext Rickroll lyric in an output script via OP_RETURN.
tx 15b11e8d4e5b9425f024b381ba0cb7a54a35e52389bb4855f505772ce685b39c (2014-06-24): starting from this transaction, the lyrics were inscribed several times via input scripts. Then again:They were mega obnoxious!!! Who does this kind of crap for more than one year!!!
- 8bb9db70e24202fdfd0e48b57a11a407e6c8c0e76d879634b801b4345b8810b2
- b881afa519804a3c93a3c99481517ca8ae070b84c04e8e7a2bfb808e043f9771
- 70c8405bd0ec10bea49b78a819dfbf46c1082e7e620588f9da65a90b71e52bbd
- fc4e382793757858bec4b87527caa4bf2e6f71bb2f5a77bb41a45ddb9ed9d409
- f011e71b711aa54a0c824244fff83fb8b1e1921804624fa0523a6e61612b7f6f
- a8691cdbca5b82e4e48812e48b7a09e4757801fd3909a09975de957d1bfb52dc
- d8946aa464be464674bba6d15729d75572ec75dda49fe7ff0ede1a25ca054941
- d02864cd57c9d041dbd9d6f24327f347b92697a8bc3c86cdf8b738063c6ad002
- 9b78962d840f1ff681e5042264e4d0359cda98ce49d97569df14ce956622b966
- 7bdc22fb35f0a8eb6241782a306a8904fb6f793126ff106a04a96f9f223cb8e1
- e24a4085c54a6362e615f8eab758c12d80e488b73757e6d2b8ab6bfc8be7007e
- 4257f4980955d8376ee1c6bccb4396da726e4ae13d758e47dc4e0775019723f5
- a09b49e9374d43386a6a986944e3dcf515c7e1c38324836df5333b8adbe57797
- 03096688dbb874f7c571691e4241a298284bf4184be339b148f1b48f383a1d7c
- 62f8b228b6126354736d36d9f3b91882bb81eca7702b74fba6471abc7db96a03 (2015-09-30)
Starting tx a87d406fae047258a12923b3c11a797a5765bd8f868df5c7e9b1cead0e92c9c1: the message:appears about 13 thousand times. WTF happened?
503: Bitcoin over capacity! Conservation of the square amplitude in the Schrodinger equation by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-01 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-01 +Created 1970-01-01Proof that the probability 1 is conserved by the time evolution:
It can be derived directly from the Schrödinger equation.
Bibliography:
- That proof also mentions that if the potential
Vis not real, then there is no conservation of probability! Therefore the potential must be real valued!
Parasites tend to have smaller DNAs by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-01 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-01 +Created 1970-01-01If you live in the relatively food abundant environment of another cell, then you don't have to be able to digest every single food source in existence, of defend against a wide range of predators.
So because DNA replication is a key limiting factor of bacterial replication time, you just reduce your genome to a minimum.
And likely you also want to be as small as possible to evade the host's immune system.
Power, Sex, Suicide by Nick Lane (2006) section "Gene loss as an evolutionary trajectory" puts it well:and also section "How to lose the cell wall without dying" page 184 has some related mentions:
One of the most extreme examples of gene loss is Rickettsia prowazekii, the cause of typhus. [...] Over evolutionary time Rickettsia has lost most of its genes, and now has a mere protein-coding genes left. [...] Rickettsia is a tiny bacterium, almost as small as a virus, which lives as a parasite inside other cells. It is so well adapted to this lifestyle that it can no longer survive outside its host cells. [...] It was able to lose most of its genes in this way simply because they were not needed: life inside other cells, if you can survive there at all, is a spoonfed existence.
While many types of bacteria do lose their cell wall during parts of their life cycle only two groups of prokaryotes have succeeded in losing their cell walls permanently, yet lived to tell the tale. It's interesting to consider the extenuating circumstances that permitted them to do so.[...]One group, the Mycoplasma, comprises mostly parasites, many of which live inside other cells. Mycoplasma cells are tiny, with very small genomes. M. genitalium, discovered in 1981, has the smallest known genome of any bacterial cell, encoding fewer than 500 genes. M. genitalium, discovered in 1981, has the smallest known genome of any bacterial cell, encoding fewer than 500 genes. [...] Like Rickettsia, Mycoplasma have lost virtually all the genes required for making nucleotides, amino acids, and so forth.
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