RSA (cryptosystem) by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Based on the fact that we don't have a P algorithm for integer factorization as of 2020. But nor proof that one does not exist!
The private key is made of two randomly generated prime numbers: and . How such large primes are found: how large primes are found for RSA.
The public key is made of:
Given a plaintext message m, the encrypted ciphertext version is:
c = m^e mod n
This operation is called modular exponentiation can be calculated efficiently with the Extended Euclidean algorithm.
The inverse operation of finding the private m from the public c, e and is however believed to be a hard problem without knowing the factors of n.
However, if we know the private p and q, we can solve the problem. As follows.
First we calculate the modular multiplicative inverse. TODO continue.
A way to write the wavefunction such that the position operator is:i.e., a function that takes the wavefunction as input, and outputs another function:
If you believe that mathematicians took care of continuous spectrum for us and that everything just works, the most concrete and direct thing that this representation tells us is that:
the probability of finding a particle between and at time
equals:
Lens by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
The most important type of lens is the biconvex spherical lens.
Transcription unit by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
A sequence of mRNA that can actually be transcribed.
Multiple different transcription units can be produced by a single operon, see: operon vs transcription unit.
P versus NP problem by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Interesting because of the Cook-Levin theorem: if only a single NP-complete problem were in P, then all NP-complete problems would also be P!
We all know the answer for this: either false or independent.
Since that is a symmetric bilinear form, the associated matrix is a symmetric matrix.
By default, we will use the time negative representation unless stated otherwise:
but another equivalent one is to use a time positive representation:
The matrix is typically denoted by the Greek letter eta.
Pion by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Conceptually the simplest mesons. All of them have neutral color charge:
  • charged: down + anti-up or up + anti-down, therefore with net electrical charge electron charge
  • neutral: down + anti-down or up + anti-up, therefore with net electrical charge 0
However, many, many, many terrible horrors come with it:

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