God, it's impossible! You just have to convert the entire fucking call stack all the way up to async functions. It could mean refactoring hundreds of functions.
To be fair, there is a logic to this, if you put yourself within the crappiness of the JavaScript threading model. And Python is not that much better with its Global Interpreter Lock.
The problem is that async was introduced relatively late, previously we just had to use infinitely deep callback trees, which was worse:
myAsync().then(ret => myAsync2(ret).then(ret2 => myAsync3(re3)))
compared to the new infinitely more readable:
ret = await myAsync()
ret2 = await myAsync2(ret)
ret3 = await myAsync3(ret3)
But now we are in an endless period of transition between both worlds.
It is also worth mentioning that callbacks are still inescapable if you really want to fan out into a non-linear dependency graph, usually with Promise.all:
await Promise.all([
  myAsync(1).then(ret => myAsync2(ret)),
  myAsync(2).then(ret => myAsync2(ret)),
])
And then, after many many hours of this work, you might notice that the new code is way, way way slower than before, because making small functions async has a large performance impact: madelinemiller.dev/blog/javascript-promise-overhead/. Real world case with a 4x slowdown: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook/tree/async-slow.
Anyways, since you Googled here, you might as well learn the standard pattern to convert callbacks functions into async functions using a promise: stackoverflow.com/questions/4708787/get-password-from-input-using-node-js/71868483#71868483
Figure 1.
async function Teletubbies meme
. Source. TODO find original source.
Annapurna Labs by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
Page contains a good summary of their hardware to date. They seem to still be the centerpiece of silicon development. There are still however people outside of Israel doing it, e.g.: www.linkedin.com/in/laurasharpless/ says as of 2021:
My team develops software for our next-generation Machine Learning accelerators: HAL, firmware, and SoC models.
2021: networking chip reports emerge: www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2021/3/30/22358633/amazon-reportedly-custom-network-switch-silicon-aws, presumably contesting with the likes of Cisco?
Although it is impossible to understand without examples in mind, try to get familiar with the manuals as soon as possible.
Specially interesting is Figure 4-4 "Formats of CR3 and Paging-Structure Entries with 32-Bit Paging", which gives the key data structures.
The Translation Lookahead Buffer (TLB) is a cache for paging addresses.
Since it is a cache, it shares many of the design issues of the CPU cache, such as associativity level.
This section shall describe a simplified fully associative TLB with 4 single address entries. Note that like other caches, real TLBs are not usually fully associative.
Free:
Non-free:
  • bovet05 chapter "Memory addressing"
    Reasonable intro to x86 memory addressing. Missing some good and simple examples.
Uracil vs thymine by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
Non-linearity is needed otherwise the input energy would just make the state go to higher and higher energy levels, e.g. from 1 to 2. But we only want to use levels 0 and 1.
The way this is modelled in by starting from a pure LC circuit, which is an harmonic oscillator, see also quantum LC circuit, and then replacing the linear inductor with a SQUID device, e.g. mentioned at: youtu.be/eZJjQGu85Ps?t=1655 Video "Superconducting Qubits I Part 1 by Zlatko Minev (2020)".

There are unlisted articles, also show them or only show them.