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LISE++ is a software tool designed for the simulation and analysis of particle transport and reactions, particularly in the context of nuclear physics and related fields. It is an upgraded version of the original LISE (LInear SExtractor) program, which was developed for the experimental study of rare isotopes produced in nuclear reactions, especially in the context of beam and target interactions.

Nektar++ is an open-source structured spectral element framework used for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and other engineering simulations. It is particularly suited for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using spectral methods, which are numerical techniques that leverage polynomial approximations for high accuracy.

Nukemap is an interactive online tool created by historian Alex Wellerstein that simulates the effects of nuclear detonations. Users can select different types of nuclear weapons, choose a location on a map, and then see the potential impact of a nuclear explosion in terms of blast radius, thermal radiation, and fallout patterns. The tool allows users to explore various scenarios, such as the effects of different yields of nuclear weapons and the geographic consequences of detonating them in populated areas.

OpenFOAM (Open Field Operation and Manipulation) is an open-source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package that provides tools for simulating and analyzing fluid flow, heat transfer, turbulence, and other physical processes. It is widely used in academic research, engineering, and industrial applications to solve complex fluid dynamics problems.

SMS (Surface-water Modeling System) is a software application developed by Aquaveo for the modeling and analysis of surface water systems. It is designed to assist hydrologists and engineers in simulating water flow, sediment transport, and water quality in rivers, lakes, and coastal environments.

SU2 is a software package primarily used for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the simulation of multiphysics problems. It was developed by researchers at Stanford University and is released as open-source software under the GNU General Public License (GPL). The name "SU2" stands for "Stanford University Unstructured," indicating its focus on unstructured mesh methods, which are widely used in CFD applications for their flexibility in handling complex geometries.

SahysMod is a simulation environment focused on the modeling and analysis of complex systems, primarily used in academic and research settings. It allows users to create, manipulate, and analyze models describing various systems, often in fields like logistics, manufacturing, and traffic management. SahysMod is particularly well-suited for educational purposes, enabling students and researchers to visualize and simulate real-world processes, thereby gaining insights into system dynamics and performance.

Serpent is a software tool that is primarily used in the field of nuclear engineering and radiation transport simulations. Specifically, it is known as a Monte Carlo simulation code for neutron transport. Developed by the University of Delft in the Netherlands, Serpent is designed for modeling and analyzing the behavior of neutrons in nuclear systems, which can include reactor cores, nuclear fuel cycles, radiation shielding, and medical physics applications.

John Anderson (born 1893, died 1962) was a Scottish philosopher known for his contributions to natural philosophy, particularly in the context of the Scottish school of realism. He was a prominent figure at the University of Glasgow, where he served as a professor of philosophy. Anderson is recognized for his critical approach to idealism and for advocating a form of realism that emphasizes the existence of the physical world independent of human perception.

Climate change in the Arctic refers to the significant and rapid alterations in the region's climate and environmental conditions due to global warming and other anthropogenic influences. The Arctic has been warming at a rate nearly twice as fast as the global average, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification. This has profound impacts on the ecosystem, local communities, and global weather patterns. Key aspects include: 1. **Temperature Rise**: Arctic temperatures have increased significantly over the last few decades, resulting in warmer air and ocean temperatures.

Fast ice refers to sea ice that is connected to the coast or to large ice formations such as ice shelves. It remains anchored and does not drift with ocean currents or winds. Fast ice typically forms in areas where the water is shallow enough and is subject to consistent freezing conditions, allowing it to remain stable over longer periods. This type of ice plays a crucial role in the Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems as it provides habitat for various marine species, protects coastal areas from wave action, and influences local climate patterns.

Finger rafting is a technique used in whitewater rafting, typically to enhance stability and safety during challenging river maneuvers. It involves passengers (rafters) placing their hands in a "fingering" position, gripping the sides or edges of the raft. This creates a connection between the raft and the paddlers, allowing for better control and transfer of energy when navigating through rapids or rough water. The technique can be particularly helpful in situations where team coordination is crucial for maintaining balance and speed.

WMS, or Watershed Modeling System, is a hydrological modeling software developed to assist in the analysis and simulation of watershed processes. It is widely used by hydrologists, engineers, and researchers to evaluate the impact of hydrology-related projects, manage water resources, and analyze the effects of land use changes on water systems.

Flow visualization is a technique used to study and understand the behavior of fluid flows, whether they are liquids or gases. It involves creating visual representations of fluid motion, which can reveal patterns, structures, and dynamics that might not be easily observable otherwise. Flow visualization can be applied in various fields, including engineering, meteorology, oceanography, and biomedical research.

Infographics are visual representations of information, data, or knowledge designed to present complex information quickly and clearly. They often combine text, images, charts, and graphs to convey their message effectively. Infographics are used in various fields, including education, marketing, data analysis, and journalism, as they help to simplify complex concepts, make data more accessible, and improve engagement by appealing to visual learners.

BGS Groundhog Desktop is a software application developed by the British Geological Survey (BGS). It is designed to facilitate the analysis and visualization of geological data and information. The tool is primarily used for desktop-based access to geoscientific data, including subsurface information, geological maps, and other geological resources. Groundhog Desktop aims to provide users, including geologists, researchers, and other professionals in the field, with the tools to analyze and interpret geological datasets effectively.

A bathymetric chart is a type of map that shows the underwater topography of ocean floors, lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water. Similar to how a topographic map illustrates the elevation and contours of land, a bathymetric chart displays the depth and features of submerged terrain. Key features of bathymetric charts include: 1. **Depth Contours**: These lines connect points of equal depth, allowing users to visualize the underwater shapes and features.

A bond graph is a graphical representation used to model complex systems in engineering, particularly in the fields of mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, and other physical systems. It provides a unified framework for analyzing the flow of energy throughout a system by representing the interactions between different components. In a bond graph, the fundamental concepts include: 1. **Bonds**: Bonds represent the interaction between two system ports. They are depicted as directed lines connecting components, indicating the flow of energy.

False color is a visual representation technique used in imaging and data analysis where colors are assigned to represent data values in ways that do not correspond to their actual colors. This method is commonly employed in various fields such as remote sensing, astronomy, medical imaging, and other disciplines where specific wavelengths or data attributes need to be visualized clearly. In false color imaging, specific ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum (such as infrared, ultraviolet, or other non-visible wavelengths) are mapped to visible colors.

"Visualizing Energy Resources Dynamically on the Earth" generally refers to the use of visualization techniques and tools to represent and analyze energy resources across the globe in a dynamic manner. This can include various forms of data related to energy resources such as solar, wind, fossil fuels, hydroelectric power, and geothermal energy. The dynamic aspect often implies the use of real-time or regularly updated data, enabling users to observe changes over time.