Mary Edwards was one of the early "human computers," a term used to describe individuals who performed complex mathematical calculations by hand before the advent of electronic computers. Human computers were particularly important in fields such as astronomy, engineering, and physics, where precise calculations were essential. Mary Edwards is best known for her work during the early 20th century, particularly at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), the precursor to NASA.
The Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences (CBMS) is an organization in the United States that aims to promote research and collaboration in the mathematical sciences. It serves as a forum for professional organizations, promoting partnerships and discussions among various stakeholders in the field of mathematics, including academic institutions, government agencies, and industry. The CBMS is particularly known for its efforts in coordinating and organizing conferences, producing reports on mathematics education, and advocating for the importance of mathematical sciences in education and research.
The Danish Mathematical Society (Dansk Matematisk Forening) is a professional organization in Denmark that focuses on the promotion and advancement of mathematics and mathematical research. Founded in 1873, it aims to foster connections among mathematicians, support mathematical education, and facilitate collaboration and communication within the mathematical community in Denmark and beyond. The society typically organizes conferences, seminars, and workshops, and it may publish research papers and journals related to mathematics.
David Siegmund is an American statistician known for his contributions to statistical theory and methodology, particularly in areas such as survival analysis, Bayesian statistics, and applied statistics. He is noted for his work in developing various statistical models and methods that are widely used in a range of fields including biology and epidemiology.
David Spiegelhalter is a British statistician known for his work in risk communication, statistical methodology, and the public understanding of statistics. He has been particularly prominent in discussing how statistics can be effectively communicated to the public, especially during events such as public health crises and the COVID-19 pandemic. Spiegelhalter is a professor at the University of Cambridge and has held various roles that bridge academia and public engagement.
A **characteristic property** is a chemical or physical property that is unique to a particular substance and can be used to help identify it. Unlike properties that may change depending on the amount of the substance or its state, characteristic properties remain consistent regardless of the sample size or conditions, providing a reliable means of identification. Examples of characteristic properties include: 1. **Density**: The mass per unit volume of a substance. Each material has a specific density that can help in identification.
In physics, "charge" refers to the property of a particle that determines its electromagnetic interactions. It is a fundamental characteristic of certain subatomic particles, most notably electrons and protons, which exhibit electric charge. There are two types of electric charge: positive and negative. 1. **Positive Charge**: Carried by protons. When two objects with positive charges are brought close to each other, they repel each other. 2. **Negative Charge**: Carried by electrons.
Rtelnet is an R package that provides a simple interface to the Telnet protocol, allowing R users to connect to remote servers and devices that support Telnet for communication. This package can be useful for interacting with network devices, executing commands, and retrieving data from those devices in a programmatic way. With Rtelnet, users can create Telnet sessions, send commands, and handle responses directly from R scripts, enabling automation of tasks that would otherwise require manual Telnet access.
Āryabhaṭa, an ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in the 5th century CE, is known for his significant contributions to mathematics and astronomy. One of his noteworthy achievements is the computation of sine values for various angles, which are often organized in a sine table. In Āryabhaṭa's sine table, the sine values are typically expressed as a function of a circle's radius (usually taken to be 1 for simplicity).
The German Mathematical Society (Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung, DMV) is a professional organization that aims to promote the advancement and dissemination of mathematics in Germany. Established in 1890, the DMV serves as a platform for mathematicians to connect, collaborate, and share their research. The society organizes conferences, publishes journals, and supports educational initiatives, all with the goal of fostering mathematical research and teaching.
The Gesellschaft für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik (GAMM) is a professional society in Germany dedicated to the advancement and application of mathematics and mechanics. Founded in 1922, it serves as a platform for researchers, engineers, and practitioners in these fields to collaborate, share knowledge, and promote interdisciplinary research.
The Hamburg Mathematical Society (Hamburger Mathematikgesellschaft, HMG) is a professional organization dedicated to the promotion and advancement of mathematics in Hamburg, Germany. Founded in 1893, the society aims to foster collaboration among mathematicians, support mathematical research and education, and facilitate communication among its members. The society organizes various activities such as seminars, lectures, and conferences, providing a platform for mathematicians to discuss their work and share knowledge.
The Icelandic Mathematical Society (Íslenska stærðfræðifélagið) is an organization dedicated to promoting the field of mathematics in Iceland. It serves as a platform for mathematicians, researchers, and educators to collaborate, share knowledge, and advance mathematical research and education in the country. The society typically organizes seminars, conferences, and workshops, and it may also publish research and educational materials related to mathematics.
The Indian Mathematical Society (IMS) is a professional organization dedicated to the promotion and development of mathematics in India. Founded in 1907, the society aims to support mathematicians and researchers in the country by providing a platform for the dissemination of mathematical knowledge and research.
The International Mathematical Knowledge Trust (IMKT) is an initiative aimed at enhancing global collaboration and the sharing of mathematical knowledge. It serves as a platform to facilitate the dissemination of mathematical research, support educational resources, and foster connections among mathematicians, educators, and students around the world. The Trust is likely to focus on archiving mathematical information, promoting open access to mathematical resources, and developing tools that enhance the teaching and learning of mathematics.
Circular dichroism (CD) is a spectroscopic technique used to measure the differential absorption of left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light by optically active substances. This property is typically associated with chiral molecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and some small organic compounds. In CD spectroscopy, when a chiral molecule interacts with circularly polarized light, it can absorb one polarization more than the other, leading to a measurable difference in the intensity of the transmitted light.
The International Society for Mathematical Sciences (ISMS) is an organization dedicated to promoting research and education in various fields of mathematics and its applications. The society typically aims to foster collaboration among mathematicians, researchers, and educators from around the world. This includes organizing conferences, publishing journals, and facilitating communication and cooperation across international mathematical communities.
The International Society for Stereology & Image Analysis (ISSAIA) is a professional organization that focuses on advancing the fields of stereology and image analysis. Stereology is a set of statistical methods used for the quantitative analysis of three-dimensional structures based on two-dimensional cross-sectional data, often applied in fields like biology, medicine, and materials science. Image analysis involves the processing and interpretation of images, often leveraging computer algorithms to extract meaningful information.
The International Society for the Interaction of Mechanics and Mathematics (ISIMM) is an organization that aims to promote the interaction and collaboration between the fields of mechanics and mathematics. It serves as a forum for researchers, educators, and practitioners to exchange ideas, disseminate knowledge, and foster the development of interdisciplinary approaches that connect these two areas of study. ISIMM typically organizes conferences, workshops, and seminars, publishes research findings, and supports the development of educational resources related to the interaction of mechanics and mathematics.