Children: Bioinformatics
The Ensembl Genome Database Project is a major initiative aimed at providing a comprehensive and integrated source of genomic information for a variety of species. It is a joint project between the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) and the Wellcome Sanger Institute, and it provides a framework for the storage and analysis of genomic data.
The European Conference on Computational Biology (ECCB) is a prominent scientific conference that focuses on the field of computational biology, bioinformatics, and related areas. It serves as a platform for researchers, scientists, and professionals to share their latest findings, technologies, methodologies, and advancements in the computational analysis of biological data. Typically, the conference includes various components such as keynote lectures, oral presentations, poster sessions, and workshops.
The European Data Format (EDF) is a file format used for storing and sharing time-series data, particularly for biological and physiological signals, such as electroencephalograms (EEGs), electromyograms (EMGs), and other biomedical measurements. EDF was developed to facilitate the exchange of data between different systems and software tools. Key features of the EDF include: 1. **Standardization**: EDF provides a standardized way of representing data, which helps ensure compatibility between different devices and software applications.
Evolution@Home is a scientific research initiative that aims to study evolutionary processes using distributed computing. Participants can contribute their personal computing power to run simulations and experiments that model evolutionary dynamics, such as natural selection, population genetics, and species interactions. By leveraging the power of many individual computers, researchers can conduct large-scale simulations that would be impractical to run on a single machine. This collaborative approach allows for the gathering of significant amounts of data, facilitating a deeper understanding of evolutionary principles and processes.
ExPASy, or the Expert Protein Analysis System, is a bioinformatics resource portal operated by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB). It provides access to a variety of databases and tools for protein sequence analysis and functional annotation.
FASTA format is a text-based format for representing nucleotide or protein sequences. It is widely used in bioinformatics for storing and sharing biological sequences. The format was developed in the mid-1980s for use in sequence alignment software and has since become a standard format for sequence data. A FASTA file typically includes the following: 1. **Header Line**: The first line begins with a greater-than sign (`>`) followed by a sequence identifier and an optional description.
FASTQ is a standard file format used for storing biological sequence data, particularly nucleotide sequences from high-throughput sequencing technologies. It is commonly used in genomics and bioinformatics for representing raw sequence reads along with their associated quality scores. A FASTQ file consists of four lines for each sequence entry: 1. **Sequence Identifier Line**: Starts with an "@" symbol followed by a unique identifier for the sequence. It may also include additional information such as the name of the sequencing machine.
As of my last update in October 2023, there isn't a widely recognized service or product specifically named "FastContact." However, it's possible that it could refer to a variety of things such as a software application, a service related to contact management, or a feature within a broader platform focused on facilitating communication or connectivity.
Fast statistical alignment is a computational method used in bioinformatics for aligning biological sequences, such as DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, quickly and efficiently. This technique is particularly useful when dealing with large datasets or when rapid results are needed for applications like phylogenetic analysis, comparative genomics, or sequence searching.
Fish DNA barcoding is a genetic method used to identify and classify fish species based on a short, standardized region of their DNA. This technique leverages a specific gene, often a segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, to create a "bar code" unique to each species. The primary goal of fish DNA barcoding is to provide a reliable and efficient means of species identification, especially for those that might be difficult to distinguish morphologically.
Flow Cytometry Standard (FCS) is a file format specifically designed for storing the results of flow cytometry experiments. Flow cytometry is a biophysical technology used to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of particles, typically cells, in a fluid as they pass through a laser. The FCS file format was developed to facilitate the exchange of flow cytometry data between different instruments and software.
Flow cytometry bioinformatics refers to the application of computational and statistical methods to analyze data generated from flow cytometry experiments. Flow cytometry is a powerful technique used to measure the physical and chemical characteristics of cells or particles as they flow in a fluid stream through a laser. This technology allows for the analysis of multiple parameters (e.g., size, complexity, and specific markers) of thousands of cells per second.
Flux balance analysis (FBA) is a mathematical approach used in systems biology to analyze the flow of metabolites through metabolic networks. It is particularly useful for studying the metabolic pathways of microorganisms and for understanding how cells allocate resources between various biochemical processes. ### Key Features of Flux Balance Analysis: 1. **Metabolic Network Representation**: - Metabolic networks are typically represented as stoichiometric matrices, where the rows correspond to metabolites and the columns correspond to reactions.
Fluxomics is a sub-discipline of metabolomics that focuses on studying the rates of metabolic reactions within a biological system. It aims to measure and analyze the flow of metabolites through various metabolic pathways to understand how cells and organisms produce and utilize energy and biomass. By examining fluxes rather than just the concentrations of metabolites, fluxomics provides insights into metabolic dynamics, regulation, and interactions among metabolic pathways.
The Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA) is a comprehensive, detailed representation of human anatomy that provides a structured, navigable framework for understanding the relationships between anatomical structures. Developed at the University of Washington, the FMA incorporates information from various anatomical sources to create a high-quality, evolving digital resource that serves both educational and research purposes.
Fungal DNA barcoding is a method used to identify and classify fungal species based on specific sequences of DNA that are unique to each species. The technique typically employs short, standardized regions of the genome, known as barcode regions, which can be amplified and sequenced to provide a "fingerprint" for each fungal organism.
GC skew is a metric used to analyze the relative abundance of guanine (G) and cytosine (C) nucleotides in a segment of DNA. It is calculated to identify regions of DNA that may differ in their GC content, which can have implications for understanding genomic features, such as replication origins, gene density, and overall genomic stability.
GFP-cDNA refers to a complementary DNA (cDNA) that encodes the green fluorescent protein (GFP). GFP is a bioluminescent protein originally found in the jellyfish *Aequorea victoria*, and it emits a bright green fluorescence when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. In molecular biology, cDNA is synthesized from messenger RNA (mRNA) through a process called reverse transcription.
GISAID, which stands for the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data, is a platform that promotes the sharing of genetic and epidemiological data related to influenza viruses and, more recently, coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. Launched in 2008, GISAID aims to facilitate rapid access to genomic data during public health emergencies, enhance global surveillance of infectious diseases, and improve preparedness for future outbreaks.
GLIMMER is a tool designed for gene prediction in genomic sequences. Specifically, it employs statistical algorithms based on hidden Markov models (HMMs) to identify genes in DNA sequences. Developed by Burge and Karlin in the late 1990s, GLIMMER has been used extensively in the annotation of genomes, especially for prokaryotic organisms like bacteria.