Indirect land use change (ILUC) refers to the unintended consequences of biofuel production on land use in regions not immediately connected to the biofuel production process. When biofuels are produced, they can lead to changes in land use patterns that may not be directly associated with the initial agricultural activity.
Induced demand refers to the phenomenon whereby an increase in the supply of a good or service leads to an increase in its consumption. This concept is often discussed in the context of transportation and urban planning, particularly concerning roadways and infrastructure. In simpler terms, when new roads are built or existing roads are expanded, the immediate expectation might be that traffic congestion will decrease and travel times will improve. However, the new or expanded roadways can lead to an increase in the number of vehicles on the road.
The Innovative Clean Transit (ICT) rule is a regulatory measure implemented by the California Air Resources Board (CARB). It aims to facilitate the transition of public transit agencies to zero-emission bus fleets. The rule was finalized in 2018 and supports California's broader goals of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving air quality.
The Institute for Affordable Transportation (IAT) is an organization focused on promoting affordable and sustainable transportation solutions. While specific details about the IAT may vary, organizations with similar names often work towards developing innovative technologies, advocating for policy changes, and providing resources aimed at improving transportation options for underserved communities or promoting environmentally friendly practices. The IAT might engage in research, community outreach, collaborations with governmental and non-governmental entities, and initiatives designed to improve transportation accessibility and equity.
The Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP) is a non-profit organization that focuses on promoting sustainable transportation and urban development around the world. Founded in 1985, ITDP works to create livable cities by advocating for policies, projects, and practices that enhance public transportation, walking, and cycling, while reducing reliance on cars.
The International Association of Public Transport, commonly known as UITP (from its French name, Union Internationale des Transports Publics), is a global organization that represents the interests of public transport authorities and operators, as well as the supply industry. Founded in 1885 and headquartered in Brussels, Belgium, UITP serves as a platform for sharing knowledge, promoting best practices, and advocating for policy changes that enhance public transport systems worldwide.
The International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) is a nonprofit organization that conducts research and provides data to help policymakers develop and implement effective clean transportation policies. Founded in 2001, the ICCT aims to reduce transportation-related greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution while promoting efficient and sustainable mobility. The organization's work includes analyzing transportation trends, assessing the impact of various technologies on emissions, and providing technical support to governments and stakeholders worldwide.
Carsharing organizations provide vehicles for short-term use, allowing people to rent cars on an as-needed basis, typically by the hour or day. Here’s a list of some prominent carsharing organizations around the world: 1. **Zipcar** - One of the largest carsharing networks, primarily in North America and the UK. 2. **Car2Go** (part of Share Now) - Offers one-way rentals in urban areas, with a fleet of Smart cars and larger vehicles.
"Living Street" typically refers to a concept in urban design and community planning aimed at creating more pedestrian-friendly environments. The idea is to enhance public spaces, making them safer and more accessible for pedestrians, cyclists, and the community at large while reducing the dominance of cars. Elements of Living Streets may include wider sidewalks, pedestrian zones, green spaces, seating areas, and recreational facilities.
The Low Carbon Vehicle Event is an annual event in the UK that focuses on advancements in low carbon and environmentally friendly transportation. It typically showcases a wide range of technologies, innovations, and solutions aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable transport options. The event usually features: 1. **Exhibitions**: Displays of the latest low-carbon vehicles, including electric vehicles (EVs), hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and other alternative fuel technologies.
Managed lanes are special lanes on highways or roads that are designed to optimize traffic flow and improve travel efficiency. They are often used to manage congestion, provide options for travelers, and enhance the performance of the overall transportation system.
Marchetti's constant, named after Italian architect and urban planner Constantino Marchetti, refers to the average daily travel time that individuals allocate to commuting. This concept posits that, regardless of technological advancements in transportation, people tend to spend approximately 60 minutes per day commuting, with this time divided between travel to and from work.
Mixed-use development refers to a type of urban development that combines residential, commercial, cultural, institutional, or other uses within a single building, space, or neighborhood. This approach seeks to create a more vibrant and connected environment by encouraging a blend of different types of activities and services in close proximity to one another.
A motorized bicycle is a bicycle that is equipped with a small engine or motor, which provides additional power to assist with pedaling or, in some cases, drives the bicycle entirely without pedaling. These bicycles typically combine the features of traditional bicycles with those of small motorcycles or scooters. Key characteristics of motorized bicycles include: 1. **Engine Type**: They can be equipped with various types of engines, including two-stroke, four-stroke, or electric motors.
NEC Green Wheels is an initiative by NEC Corporation focused on promoting sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation solutions. It aims to address challenges related to traffic congestion, carbon emissions, and the need for efficient mobility in urban areas. The initiative often involves the development and implementation of electric vehicles (EVs), smart transportation systems, and related technologies that enhance sustainability in urban mobility.
New Urbanism is a planning and design movement that emerged in the late 20th century, primarily in the United States. It advocates for the development of walkable, mixed-use neighborhoods that promote community interaction and sustainable living. The principles of New Urbanism emphasize the following key concepts: 1. **Mixed-Use Development**: Neighborhoods should integrate residential, commercial, and recreational spaces, allowing residents to live, work, and play in close proximity.
The Nidderdale Greenway is a scenic walking and cycling route located in North Yorkshire, England. It utilizes a former railway line that once connected Harrogate and Ripon, providing an accessible pathway through beautiful countryside. The greenway is approximately 13 miles long and is suitable for walkers, cyclists, and families, making it a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts. The route offers a safe and traffic-free environment, featuring a mix of natural landscapes, wildlife, and various points of interest along the way.
As of my last update in October 2023, the Nobe GT100 is an electric vehicle produced by Nobe, an Estonian company known for its unique and retro-styled electric cars. The GT100 is designed to combine classic car aesthetics with modern electric vehicle technology. It features a compact, lightweight design, aiming to provide an eco-friendly transportation option while retaining a nostalgic appeal reminiscent of vintage cars. The vehicle is typically equipped with electric motors, offering efficient performance and zero emissions.
Paratransit refers to a flexible transportation service that caters to individuals with disabilities or mobility challenges who are unable to use traditional public transportation. Unlike standard bus or train services, paratransit typically involves smaller vehicles and offers door-to-door service. This service is designed to accommodate the specific needs of passengers, such as wheelchair accessibility, and often requires advance booking. Paratransit services are commonly provided by local transit agencies as a means of ensuring that all individuals have access to essential transportation options.
Park and ride is a transportation concept designed to encourage people to use public transit while alleviating congestion in urban areas. It typically involves designated parking lots or facilities located at strategic points outside a city center or high-traffic area. Here’s how it generally works: 1. **Parking Facilities**: Commuters can park their vehicles in these designated lots, which are usually equipped with sufficient spaces and amenities for users.