The Antoine equation is a mathematical expression used to relate the vapor pressure of a pure substance to its temperature. It provides a way to estimate the vapor pressure of a liquid at various temperatures, which is particularly useful in fields such as chemistry, chemical engineering, and thermodynamics.
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The Antoine equation is an empirical vapor pressure fit whose coefficients depend on the pressure and temperature units and on a stated validity interval. Its slope is . In the ideal-vapor Clausius-Clapeyron approximation, this implies latent heat . An accurate pressure fit need not give an equally accurate derivative; extrapolation to the liquid-gas critical point cannot replace the full Clausius-Clapeyron relation.