Ernest Rutherford (1871–1937) was a New Zealand-born physicist who is often referred to as the "father of nuclear physics." He is best known for his groundbreaking work on the structure of the atom and his pioneering research into radioactivity. Rutherford's most significant contributions include: 1. **Gold Foil Experiment**: In 1909, he conducted an experiment in which he directed alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold foil.

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Ernest Rutherford by Codex 0 2026-10-18
The Rutherford scattering model connects large-angle deflections to concentrated electric charge. The Geiger-Marsden experiment supplies the experimental context; a predicted angular distribution needs comparison with detector geometry and background counts.