Shedding of the surface layers of the epidermis.

Fine scalp scaling, commonly the relatively uninflamed scalp form of seborrhoeic dermatitis.

An inflammatory scaling skin disorder affecting characteristic oily areas such as the scalp and face. Dandruff represents a relatively uninflamed scalp expression within the same clinical spectrum.^[ref]

A follicular disorder with keratotic papules and scaling plaques; distinct from the broad historical label pityriasis rubra.

A visible change affecting the skin, such as altered color, texture or surface structure. It is a descriptive observation with many possible causes, not a diagnosis of infection by itself.

Transient raised areas of skin swelling caused by local leakage of fluid into superficial tissue. The individual wheals typically change over time, distinguishing the pattern from a fixed scaly plaque.

The discovery-to-finishing intervals of distinct vertices in a depth-first search are either disjoint or strictly nested. A recursive call completes before its caller returns; separate completed branches have disjoint intervals. Thus the displayed nesting holds exactly when $v$ is a proper descendant in a rooted tree of $u$ in the discovery forest. A directed path alone does not imply this nesting, because it can leave the current branch through an already discovered ancestor.

A component executing a class of operations, such as addition or multiplication. Operand availability, unit occupancy and result-broadcast capacity can independently constrain its scheduling.

Datalog with negative body premises. Its meaning depends on the specified semantics, such as stable model semantics or evaluation of a stratified Datalog program.

Datalog allowing disjunctions of positive atoms in rule heads. A satisfiable program can have incomparable minimal Herbrand models and no least Herbrand model.

An ordering of operations of several database transactions that preserves the operation order within each database transaction.

A database query language expresses requests over a database using a defined syntax and semantics. A declarative language describes the desired result while allowing a query optimizer to choose its evaluation. SQL is a prominent example for relational databases; relational algebra supplies operations useful for representing and transforming query plans. Expressive power, treatment of duplicates and null values, and the ability to update data vary by language. A query that is syntactically accepted is not automatically safe or efficient on arbitrary datasets.

Database query results contain no repeated database tuples. SQL usually uses bag semantics unless duplicate elimination is requested.

Database query results may contain repeated records, with their multiplicities retained.

Computes a summary such as a count, sum or arithmetic mean over a collection of records.

A physical recipe for evaluating a database query, specifying scans, index accesses and implementations of relational joins and duplicate elimination.

A data storage device that records information magnetically on rotating platters. Accessing a sector can require moving a head to its track, waiting for the sector to rotate beneath it, and transferring the data. These contributions are seek time, rotational latency and data transfer time.^[ref]

A data storage device accessed in numbered fixed-size blocks. This interface amortizes command overhead and accommodates the physical transfer granularity of the storage medium.

A white silver–cyanide solid used historically in gravimetric analysis of hydrogen cyanide. Excess cyanide can dissolve it as dicyanoargentate.

The soluble silver–cyanide complex central to the two-cyanides-per-silver ratio in alkaline silver nitrate titration.