Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2023/prelims/mathematics-iii/3/c/i/solution

Assume are continuously differentiable near the point and . The implicit function theorem supplies a local function with
At an interior extremum of , the multivariable chain rule gives
Multiply these identities by and , respectively, and subtract. The terms containing cancel, giving
No assumption is needed for this elimination; dividing by would unnecessarily exclude valid cases. If , this particular local graph argument is unavailable and a different chart or the full Lagrange multiplier condition is needed.

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