Implementations:
- Hall effect based, i.e. a Hall effect sensor
- SQUID device
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Phenomena involving magnetic fields, including those produced by electric currents and magnetic moments.
A small total magnetic moment can hide extensive magnetic order. Compare three questions: are the individual magnetic moments nonzero, how are their directions correlated, and what is their vector sum? Ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and ferrimagnetism answer the second question differently. The third question alone cannot identify the order.