Carlo Rubbia helped establish the experimental existence of the massive carriers of the weak interaction, the W boson and Z boson. His lecture explains how proton–antiproton collisions produced candidate events whose energetic leptons and reconstructed kinematics distinguished them from abundant hadronic backgrounds. For decays involving a neutrino, missing transverse momentum supplied information about an unseen particle. The discovery connected electroweak theory with identifiable short-lived particles in a collider detector.[ref]
Experimental Observation of the Intermediate Vector Bosons W+, W− and Z0 by Carlo Rubbia. 1984 lecture, collider production and leptonic identification of W and Z events
Portrait of Carlo Rubbia
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Carlo Rubbia is an Italian physicist known for his significant contributions to particle physics. He was born on March 31, 1934. Rubbia is best known for his role in the discovery of the W and Z bosons, which are fundamental particles responsible for mediating the weak force, one of the four fundamental forces of nature.