The forced eccentricity is the particular secular response of a small body to planetary eigenmodes, as distinct from its freely precessing homogeneous eccentricity.
A secular resonance occurs when a small body's free precession frequency equals a planetary secular eigenfrequency. Undamped linear theory then predicts resonant eccentricity growth.
Changing planetary masses or other system parameters move the frequencies of secular eigenmodes. A particle can cross a secular resonance when its free precession frequency meets a forcing frequency. Passage can change its free eccentricity and mix modes; a single scalar phase replacement generally cannot describe the response.

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  1. Secular perturbation
  2. Disturbing function
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