Isotope ratio

The relative abundance of two specified isotopes. Radiogenic growth, mixing and isotope fractionation can modify different ratios in different ways.

An isotopic measurement using the samarium-neodymium parent-daughter system to constrain age or source evolution under specified assumptions.

A ratio of oxygen isotopes, whose differences between minerals and fluids can record temperature and water-rock interaction.

A ratio of hafnium isotopes, often measured in zircon to investigate source extraction and reworking histories.

A ratio of lead isotopes, used with parent-daughter relationships or source mixing models.

A ratio of strontium isotopes; radiogenic ratios can constrain source histories and mixing when initial values and later alteration are considered.

A ratio of boron isotopes, commonly used to study fluid-rock exchange and chemical fractionation.