Past exam of the physics 2 paper of the University of Oxford / 2017 / 5

In source-free vacuum, Maxwell's equations readTake the curl of the third equation and use the curl of the curl identity $\nabla \times (\nabla \times \mathbf{E})=\nabla (\nabla \cdot \mathbf{E})-{\nabla }^2\mathbf{E}$. ThenThe prescribed plane wave travels in the $+z$ direction. Its polarization is along $x$, and Faraday's law requires $B_y=(k/\omega )E_x$ with $\omega =ck$. The wave's magnetic flux density is thereforeThe direction is also fixed by $\mathbf{E}\times \mathbf{B}$ pointing along the propagation direction. A superposed static uniform magnetic field is not fixed by the oscillatory electric field; the expression above is the magnetic field belonging to the wave itself.