Past exam of the symmetry and relativity course of the University of Oxford / 2022 / 2 / d

From c, $\sin (A/2)\ge 1/\gamma$, with equality when $z=0$: the photons are emitted perpendicular to the Lorentz boost axis in the center-of-momentum frame. ThereforeAt the minimum, the map $z\mapsto A$ is stationary: writing $A=A_{\min }+\delta$, its leading behavior is $\delta =\beta z^2/\gamma +O(z^4)$. A nonzero interval of uniformly distributed $z$ is therefore compressed near $A_{\min }$, producing an integrable inverse-square-root singularity in the opening-angle probability density. No differentiation of that probability density is needed. For finite $\gamma >1$, the probability density vanishes at $A=\pi$. For $\gamma =1$ the center-of-momentum frame is the laboratory and every event has $A=\pi$: the probability distribution becomes a Dirac delta distribution, rather than the singular $\beta =0$ substitution in c. At large $\gamma$, $A_{\min }\sim 2/\gamma$ in radians.