Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2025 iii Paper 166 2 a Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
Let be a number field. Its places consist of its real embeddings, conjugate pairs of complex embeddings, and the finite places associated with nonzero prime ideals of its ring of integers of a number field. At a real or complex place use the usual absolute value. If lies over the prime number with ramification index , normalize its absolute value byThese normalizations extend the standard absolute values on .
Write for the local degree of a place. Thus is at a real place, at a complex place, and at a finite place. The Absolute multiplicative Weil height isThe product formula shows that this is unchanged when is replaced by a larger number field containing .
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2025 iii Paper 166 2 c Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
For every ,For , this follows directly fromat each place of a number field. The product formula gives , becauseand this handles negative as well.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2025 iii Paper 166 2 e Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
Write for the polynomial length. The height bound for a polynomial evaluation isprovided the denominator is nonzero. At non-Archimedean places the integral coefficients and ultrametric inequality give the local estimate without an extra constant; at Archimedean places the triangle inequality gives the polynomial length. Multiplication over every place of a number field and the product formula produce the displayed bound.