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An exciton is a bound state of an electron and an electron hole. Coupling this material excitation strongly to a photon can form a polariton.

A polariton is a hybrid light–matter excitation formed by strong coupling between a photon and a material excitation. For an exciton-polariton, the material component is an exciton.

A quasiparticle is a collective excitation that can be described approximately by particle-like quantum numbers and dynamics, even though it is not an isolated elementary particle. Excitons and polaritons are examples.