protein glycosylation attaches a carbohydrate group to a protein directly or extends a protein-associated glycan. Donor supply, acceptor accessibility, enzyme specificity and compartmentation jointly determine the product.
O-linked glycosylation attaches a sugar through an oxygen atom on the acceptor, often a protein hydroxyl group. Several different pathways and donor specificities fall under this description.
N-linked glycosylation attaches a glycan through a nitrogen atom, commonly the side-chain amide nitrogen of asparagine. In the ER pathway, an assembled lipid-linked oligosaccharide is transferred to an appropriate protein acceptor.
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