The roots of , where , are
For a quadratic equation with , completing the square gives
Over the complex numbers both roots exist, with a repeated root of a polynomial when the discriminant is zero. Over the real numbers the discriminant determines whether there are two distinct roots, one repeated root, or no real root.
For a real quadratic with , strict negativity occurs between its two distinct real roots, if they exist. Completing the square gives discriminant as the existence condition. A physical domain restriction must be intersected with that interval.

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A quadratic equation is a second-degree polynomial equation that can be expressed in the standard form: \[ ax^2 + bx + c = 0 \] where: - \( x \) represents the variable, - \( a \), \( b \), and \( c \) are coefficients, - \( a \neq 0 \) (if \( a \) were 0, the equation would be linear).