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The maximum safe load of a weighing scale, denoted $\mathrm{Lim}$, is the greatest static load it can carry without permanently changing its metrological qualities. This is the terminology of OIML R76-1:2006(E).^[ref] The definition concerns preservation of measurement behaviour, rather than merely whether the instrument remains visibly intact.

The maximum weighing capacity $\mathrm{Max}$ specifies a different property: the upper weighing capacity, excluding additive tare capacity. For an illustrative instrument marked $\mathrm{Max}=10\mathrm{kg}$ and $\mathrm{Lim}=15\mathrm{kg}$, a $12\mathrm{kg}$ static load is above the declared weighing capacity even though it is below the stated maximum safe load. The larger number does not extend the measurement range specified by $\mathrm{Max}$.^[ref]

A simple model shows why metrological integrity is a stronger requirement than absence of breakage. Suppose a load permanently changes a mass indication from $r(m)=m$ toThe mechanism may still carry loads and return to an indicated zero, but a reference mass of $5\mathrm{kg}$ now indicates $5.01\mathrm{kg}$. In this invented example, the response has changed by $0.2\%$ without a zero offset. A calibration at nonzero loads would reveal that change; resetting a zero-setting device would not remove it.

The static qualification also matters. A falling object can impose a transient force different from its supported gravitational weight. A rating expressed through a static load therefore does not, by itself, specify response to an impact or a crash pulse.

Tare mass is the specified container or packaging mass excluded when reporting net mass. It is also called tare weight in weighing terminology. The intended boundary matters: a jar alone and that jar with its lid have different tare masses. A tare device adjusts a weighing scale's indication with a load present, whereas a zero-setting device establishes zero with the load receptor unloaded.^[ref]

A simple demonstration separates the reading from the physical load. Choose an empty container of mass $m_{\mathrm{t}}=0.120\mathrm{kg}$ and an ideal weighing scale that initially reads zero. After the container is placed on the load receptor, operate the tare device. Its displayed value becomes zero while the container's mass remains $0.120\mathrm{kg}$. In a uniform gravitational field with chosen magnitude $g=9.81\mathrm{m}{\mathrm{s}}^{-2}$, its gravitational weight is stillThe supporting force remains present after the display adjustment.

In an ideal unit-gain measurement model, the tared indication for a complete load of mass $m$ is $I(m)=m-m_{\mathrm{t}}$. Adding $0.300\mathrm{kg}$ of contents gives gross mass $0.420\mathrm{kg}$ and indication $0.300\mathrm{kg}$. Removing the complete load while retaining that reference gives indication $-0.120\mathrm{kg}$. The negative indication expresses the difference from the stored reference; the removed container still has positive mass.

A preset tare device instead uses an introduced preset tare value, which can be recalled or entered without weighing each individual empty container.^[ref] For the same chosen load, using a preset of $0.100\mathrm{kg}$ gives calculated net mass $0.420-0.100=0.320\mathrm{kg}$: the contents are overestimated by 20 g. A persistently low preset produces a systematic error even with otherwise exact readings.

Composite tare mass includes several excluded components, such as all the jars and an outer crate. The gross mass example shows how to account for these components once each. The symbol $m_{\mathrm{t}}$ here denotes a mass; the terminology's use of the word weight does not change the quantity's unit from a kilogram to a unit of force.