French information theorists refer to researchers and scholars from France who have made significant contributions to the field of information theory. Information theory, originally developed by Claude Shannon in the mid-20th century, deals with the quantification, storage, and communication of information. It has applications in various domains, including telecommunications, computer science, statistics, and neuroscience. French contributions to information theory have been notable, with several key figures emerging in various subfields such as coding theory, network theory, and data compression.

2001 Einstein is a near-Earth asteroid that was discovered on December 6, 2001. It is named after the famous physicist Albert Einstein in honor of his contributions to science, particularly in the field of theoretical physics. The asteroid has garnered interest due to its proximity to Earth and is classified as a member of the Apollo group of asteroids, which are known for their orbits that cross Earth's path.

In computing, "2020" can refer to a few different contexts, but one notable context is the "Year 2020 problem," which relates to various issues in software and hardware caused by how dates are processed. Traditionally, many computer systems represent years using a two-digit format (e.g., "20" for 2020), which can lead to ambiguities and bugs in date calculations.

Plasma Arc Welding (PAW) is a welding process that utilizes a plasma arc to join metal pieces together. Plasma is a state of matter similar to gas, but with distinct properties due to the presence of ionized particles. In PAW, a high-velocity jet of ionized gas (plasma) is created by passing a gas, typically argon or a mixture of gases, through a constricting nozzle and applying an electrical arc.

The 20th century saw a number of significant Argentine mathematicians who made important contributions across various areas of mathematics. Here are a few notable figures: 1. **Juan Carlos Ritt** (1888-1965) - Known for his work in algebra and the theory of differential equations. He developed Ritt’s theorem and made contributions to the study of differential algebra. 2. **Alberto S. A. G.

24101 Cassini is an asteroid that orbits the Sun in the asteroid belt. It was discovered on October 14, 1999, and is named in honor of Giovanni Domenico Cassini, the Italian-French astronomer known for his contributions to planetary astronomy and for discovering several of Saturn's moons. The asteroid's designation, "24101," indicates its order of discovery among other asteroids, and it is part of a larger catalog of celestial objects.

The 20th century saw several notable Bulgarian mathematicians who made significant contributions to various fields of mathematics. Here are a few key figures: 1. **Georgi Nagy (1892–1989)** - A prominent mathematician known for his work in functional analysis and operator theory. He was a member of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and contributed to the development of mathematics in Bulgaria.

**Plasma Physics** is the study of plasma, which is one of the four fundamental states of matter, alongside solid, liquid, and gas. Plasma is a collection of charged particles, including ions and electrons, that exhibit collective behavior and respond to electric and magnetic fields. It is often referred to as the "fourth state of matter" because it differs significantly from solids, liquids, and gases. Plasma can be found in many environments, including stars, lightning, and fluorescent lights.

Vladimir Markovic is not a widely recognized figure in public knowledge up until October 2023; therefore, without additional context, it's unclear who specifically you are referring to. There are many individuals with that name across various fields, including academia, sports, and other professions.

Vladimir Mazya is a prominent mathematician known for his work in the fields of analysis, differential equations, and mathematical physics. He is particularly recognized for his contributions to the theory of partial differential equations, Sobolev spaces, and potential theory. Mazya has also authored several influential books and research papers in mathematics. His work has had a significant impact on both theoretical and applied mathematics, and he is regarded as an important figure in the mathematical community.

A 2-valued morphism typically refers to a concept in mathematics, particularly in category theory and related areas such as logic or computer science. However, the term might not have a universally accepted definition and can vary depending on the context it is used in. In a broad sense, a **2-valued morphism** can be understood as a mapping or function (morphism) that connects objects in a category, taking on one of two values or types.

A plasmat lens is a type of lens that utilizes plasma—a state of matter consisting of ionized gas—rather than traditional materials like glass or plastic to focus light. Plasma lenses can manipulate light in novel ways and have applications in areas like optics, laser technology, and advanced imaging systems.

3D scanning is a technology that captures the physical dimensions and appearance of a real-world object or environment and converts it into a digital 3D model. This process involves using various techniques and devices to gather data about the shape, size, and texture of the object being scanned.

3G MIMO stands for Third Generation Multiple Input Multiple Output, which is a wireless technology used to enhance the performance of 3G cellular networks. MIMO uses multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver ends to improve data throughput and reliability of the communication link. Here's how it works and its significance: 1. **Multiple Antennas**: In a MIMO system, both the base station (cell site) and the mobile device (user equipment) equip multiple antennas.

The 3rd century in China was a significant period for the development of mathematics, and several key mathematicians and works emerged during this time. Here are notable highlights: 1. **Liu Hui**: A prominent mathematician active in the 3rd century, Liu Hui is best known for his work "The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art" (Jiu Zhang Suan Shu), an influential text that systematically compiles mathematical knowledge and methods of the time.

4DCT, or four-dimensional computed tomography, is an advanced imaging technique that captures both the anatomical structures of the body as well as the changes in those structures over time. The "4D" aspect refers to three-dimensional spatial dimensions (length, width, and height) plus one temporal dimension (time). In a typical 4DCT scan, a series of CT images are taken rapidly over a period, often while the patient is breathing.

The 4D-RCS (4D Reference Collaborative Service) Reference Model Architecture is a framework developed to facilitate the integration and interoperability of systems and services in the context of Advanced Digital Twin (ADT) environments and related applications. Though it might vary in specific implementations, the 4D-RCS concept generally focuses on the following key dimensions: 1. **Four Dimensions (4D)**: - **Time**: Incorporating the temporal aspect, focusing on how data changes and evolves over time.

4Pi STED microscopy is an advanced imaging technique in the field of fluorescence microscopy that enhances spatial resolution by combining two advanced methods: 4Pi microscopy and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy. 1. **4Pi Microscopy**: This technique uses both the upper and lower hemispherical illumination of the sample, effectively capturing fluorescence from both sides.

The term "4-polytope stubs" does not appear to be a standard term in mathematics or geometry as of my last knowledge update. However, it seems to suggest a focus on properties or structures related to 4-dimensional polytopes (also known as 4-polytopes). A **4-polytope** is a four-dimensional generalization of a polytope, which can be thought of as a shape in four-dimensional space.

The 750 GeV diphoton excess refers to an intriguing observation made in 2015 in the data collected by both the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Scientists noticed an unexpected bump in the diphoton invariant mass distribution around 750 GeV when they analyzed proton-proton collision events. This bump indicated the possible presence of a new particle decaying into two photons.