Spent nuclear fuel, also known as used nuclear fuel, is the material that remains after nuclear fuel has been irradiated in a nuclear reactor. When nuclear fuel—typically composed of enriched uranium or plutonium—is placed in a reactor, it undergoes fission, a process in which the nuclei of atoms split to release energy.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2023, there is no widely known individual or entity named Oleg Khinsagov. It is possible that he may be a private individual or a less well-known public figure that is not covered in major news or media sources.

Etcheverry Hall is a building on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley, primarily used for engineering and technology-related programs. It's part of the College of Engineering and houses various departments and laboratories, including civil and environmental engineering and other engineering disciplines. The facility is named in honor of a significant figure, often contributing to advancements in engineering education or research. It provides students and faculty with resources for research, classrooms, and collaborative spaces designed to promote innovation and learning.

The Fuji Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) is a type of nuclear reactor that employs molten salt as both a coolant and a fuel solvent. This technology is part of a broader category of advanced nuclear reactors that aim to improve safety, efficiency, and waste management compared to traditional light-water reactors.

The Omega West Reactor (OWR) is a research reactor that was located at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in Idaho, USA. It was primarily used for the testing of materials and components intended for use in nuclear reactors, as well as for research in nuclear engineering and related fields. The OWR was a pool-type reactor, meaning that the reactor core was submerged in a large body of water, which served as both a coolant and a radiation shield.

Variable yield refers to the concept where the output or production of a particular process or system can change depending on various factors or conditions. This term is commonly used in various fields, such as agriculture, finance, manufacturing, and energy production. In agriculture, for instance, variable yield could describe how the output of a crop might vary due to factors such as soil quality, weather conditions, pest infestations, and farming practices.

UHTREX stands for Ultra-High Temperature Re-Heating Exchanger. It typically refers to a type of heat exchanger used in industrial processes, notably in power generation and chemical processing, where fluids are heated to ultra-high temperatures. The UHTREX technology is often employed to improve the efficiency of thermal processes, allowing for better heat recovery and transfer. It can assist in various applications, including steam generation, enhancing the efficiency of power plants, and optimizing chemical reactions.

A list of civilian nuclear accidents includes incidents that have occurred at nuclear power plants and other facilities associated with the use of nuclear materials. These accidents can result from various causes such as equipment failure, human error, natural disasters, or design flaws. Below are some of the notable civilian nuclear accidents: 1. **Chernobyl Disaster (1986)** - A catastrophic nuclear accident in Ukraine caused by a flawed reactor design and serious mistakes made by the plant operators.

START II, or the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty II, was a bilateral treaty between the United States and Russia that aimed to further reduce and limit strategic offensive arms. It was signed on January 3, 1993, but was never ratified by the U.S. Senate.

Elugelab is a small island in the Marshall Islands, located in the central Pacific Ocean. It is part of the Enewetak Atoll, which consists of numerous islands and islets. Elugelab is historically significant because it was the site of nuclear testing conducted by the United States during the Cold War. In particular, it was the location for the "Ivy Mike" test in 1952, which was the first successful test of a thermonuclear device, or hydrogen bomb.

Operation Hudson Harbor refers to a classified program that was part of the U.S. military's Cold War-era efforts to develop and test nuclear weapons and related technologies. It was conducted between the late 1950s and early 1960s, primarily focused on experimenting with the effects of nuclear detonations and the implications for military operations and strategies.

A Uranium Hydride bomb refers to a type of nuclear weapon that uses uranium hydride (UH3) as a component of its design. Uranium hydride is a compound of uranium and hydrogen and has been explored for use in nuclear weapon systems. However, it is not a conventional or widely recognized term for a specific type of nuclear bomb like those based on plutonium or highly enriched uranium.

Ultracold neutrons (UCNs) are neutrons that have been cooled to very low temperatures, typically below 1 microelectronvolt (µeV) in energy. This extreme cooling reduces their kinetic energy, making them nearly stationary relative to other particles. Ultracold neutrons are produced when thermal neutrons are either scattered off surfaces that reflect them or when they undergo specific interactions that reduce their energy.

A mercury-vapor lamp is a type of gas discharge lamp that produces light through the excitation of mercury vapor. It consists of a glass bulb filled with low-pressure mercury vapor and an inert gas, such as argon. When an electrical current passes through the bulb, it ionizes the gases, resulting in a discharge that emits ultraviolet (UV) light. This UV light then excites the mercury vapor, causing it to emit visible light primarily in the blue and green spectrum.

"Freeman's Mind" is a web series created by Ross Scott that presents a humorous and often philosophical first-person narrative set in the context of the video game "Half-Life." The series features the character Gordon Freeman, who is famously silent in the game, giving voice to his thoughts and experiences as he navigates through the game's environments and story.

Half-Life 2: Deathmatch is a multiplayer first-person shooter game developed by Valve Corporation. Released as a part of the Half-Life 2 gaming experience, it allows players to engage in traditional deathmatch gameplay where the objective is to eliminate other players. Set in the same universe as Half-Life 2, the game utilizes the Source engine and features a variety of weapons and tools that players can use to defeat their opponents.

Ravenholm is a fictional location in the video game series "Half-Life," developed by Valve Corporation. Specifically, it appears in "Half-Life 2" as a haunted, zombie-infested town. In the game's narrative, Ravenholm was once a thriving community but fell into chaos after the events of the Combine invasion, leading to its abandonment. It is known for its eerie atmosphere, dark environments, and the presence of headcrabs and zombies that players must combat.

"Laser-blast" can refer to a few different concepts depending on the context, but it primarily describes a type of weapon or effect associated with science fiction, particularly in films, video games, and literature. In these contexts, a laser-blast often means a concentrated beam of light emitted from a laser weapon, which can cause damage or destruction.

M squared (M²) can have different meanings depending on the context. Here are a few interpretations: 1. **Mathematics**: In mathematics, M squared typically refers to the square of a variable M, expressed as \( M^2 \). This is simply the value of M multiplied by itself. 2. **Finance**: In finance, M² (M-squared) is a risk-adjusted performance measure that relates to investment portfolios.

An optical cavity, also known as an optical resonator, is a structure that confines light by reflecting it between two or more mirrors. The primary purpose of an optical cavity is to enhance the interaction between light and matter, which can be crucial for applications such as lasers, sensors, and other photonic devices. ### Key Components: 1. **Mirrors**: Optical cavities typically consist of at least two mirrors, which can be planoconvex, concave, or a combination.