Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia that allows users to edit and contribute content. Its history can be traced back to a few key milestones: 1. **Founding**: Wikipedia was launched on January 15, 2001, by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger as a part of the non-profit organization Wikimedia Foundation. Wikipedia was initially conceived as a complementary project to Nupedia, a free encyclopedia that had a formal editorial process and was largely written by experts.

"Works" could refer to several things when discussing computer and internet companies, but it seems like you might be referring to a company or organization by that name, or perhaps a piece of software or platform. Without more context, it's tough to provide a precise answer.

Max Black (1909-1988) was a prominent American philosopher known for his contributions to the fields of philosophy of language, logic, and the philosophy of science. He was particularly recognized for his work on the nature of metaphor and his arguments regarding the philosophy of language. Black's famous essay, "Metaphor," published in 1962, explores how metaphors convey meaning and how they should be understood within the context of language and communication.

An \(E_\infty\)-operad is a mathematical structure that arises in the field of homotopy theory, specifically in the area of algebraic topology and homotopical algebra. Operads are a way to encode collections of operations with multiple inputs, and the \(E_\infty\)-operad formalizes the concept of "infinite commutativity".

Oets Kolk Bouwsma is a Dutch artist known for his work in painting, drawing, and graphic arts. His style often explores themes related to nature, beauty, and human experience, often incorporating elements of abstraction and figuration. The name is relatively lesser-known in broader art circles, and specific details about exhibitions or artworks may vary.

Philippa Foot (1920–2010) was a prominent British philosopher known for her work in moral philosophy and ethics. She is best known for her contributions to virtue ethics and her role in the development of the "trolley problem," a thought experiment in moral philosophy that explores the ethical implications of decision-making in life-and-death scenarios. Foot's work emphasized the importance of moral virtues and human flourishing, contrasting with more consequentialist approaches that focus solely on the outcomes of actions.

Raimo Tuomela is a prominent Finnish philosopher known for his work in social philosophy, philosophy of language, and epistemology. He has made significant contributions to the understanding of collective intentionality, social practices, and the nature of social groups. Tuomela is well-regarded for developing concepts related to how individuals come together to form collective beliefs and actions, emphasizing the role of shared intentions and social norms. His works often explore the implications of collective behavior for individual agency and identity.

Richard Jeffrey was a notable American philosopher and a significant figure in the fields of probability and decision theory. He is best known for his work on subjective probability, where he argued that probability should be understood as a measure of an individual's degree of belief in the truth of a proposition rather than as a frequency in a long-run series of events.

Seth Lazar is a philosopher known for his work in moral philosophy, particularly in areas such as ethics, political philosophy, and the ethics of war. He has contributed to discussions on topics like the moral implications of combat, the ethics of killing in war, and duty-based ethics. Lazar has also published various papers and articles exploring these themes and is associated with academic institutions where he teaches and conducts research.

Simon Blackburn is a British philosopher known for his work in various areas of philosophy, particularly in the fields of ethics, philosophy of language, and metaphysics. He is often associated with the philosophical stance of "naturalism" and has contributed significantly to discussions on moral realism and anti-realism. One of Blackburn's notable contributions is his development of "quasi-realism," which seeks to explain how we can talk about moral truths and values without committing to a realist interpretation of them.

William F. Vallicella is an American philosopher known for his work in metaphysics, philosophy of religion, and philosophy of language. He is perhaps best known for his contributions to discussions on modal logic, realism, and the nature of existence. Vallicella has also written extensively on topics such as the problem of evil, free will, and the nature of God.

"Naming and Necessity" is a philosophical work by Saul Kripke, published in 1980. The book is a key text in the philosophy of language and metaphysics, and it presents a series of lectures that explore important ideas about reference, meaning, and necessity.

Sydney Shoemaker is an influential American philosopher, known primarily for his work in the philosophy of mind, metaphysics, and epistemology. He has made significant contributions to discussions about the nature of consciousness, personal identity, and the mind-body problem. Shoemaker is particularly noted for his defense of the idea that consciousness has a distinctive subjective quality and for his arguments concerning self-knowledge and the nature of perception.

Toby Ord is a philosopher and researcher known for his work on global priorities and existential risks. He is a prominent figure in the effective altruism movement and has made significant contributions to discussions regarding how we can best improve the long-term future of humanity. Ord is also a co-founder of the Centre for Effective Altruism and has been involved in various projects aiming to assess and mitigate risks that could threaten human existence.

William Herbert Dray was a British philosopher known for his work in the philosophy of history and the philosophy of science. He made significant contributions to discussions about historical explanation, the nature of historical knowledge, and the relationship between history and science. Dray is often noted for his critiques of empiricism in historical methodology and for advocating a more interpretative approach to history that acknowledges the complexity of historical events and the narratives constructed around them.

William James (1842–1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist, widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the development of modern psychology and philosophy. He is best known for his contributions to pragmatism, a philosophical movement that evaluates theories and beliefs based on their practical applications and consequences. James was also a prominent advocate of functionalism in psychology, emphasizing the importance of understanding mental processes in their practical context.

"Analysis" is a peer-reviewed academic journal that focuses on philosophy, particularly in the areas of analytic philosophy, logic, and related fields. Established in 1933, it has been a prominent platform for scholarly articles, discussions, and critiques related to various philosophical topics. The journal is known for its rigorous standards and aims to publish original research, critical studies, and reviews that contribute to the understanding and advancement of philosophical thought. It often includes works from both established philosophers and emerging voices in the discipline.

Øystein Linnebo is a Norwegian philosopher known for his work in the fields of philosophy of mathematics, metaphysics, and epistemology. He has contributed to discussions on mathematical realism, the nature of mathematical objects, and the foundations of mathematics. His work often blends technical rigor with philosophical inquiry, and he engages with issues related to abstract entities and the epistemic status of mathematical knowledge.

"Sources of the Self: The Making of the Modern Identity" is a philosophical and historical work by Charles Taylor, published in 1989. In this book, Taylor explores the development of the modern identity and the shifts in human understanding of the self from ancient times to the present. He examines how concepts of authenticity, individualism, and moral frameworks have evolved and the implications these changes have for contemporary society.

Contemporary Pragmatism is a philosophical movement and journal that focuses on the development and application of pragmatism, a school of thought that originated in the late 19th century with philosophers such as Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, and John Dewey. Pragmatism emphasizes the practical consequences of ideas as the basis for their truth and meaning, suggesting that beliefs and theories should be evaluated based on their usefulness and effectiveness in real-world applications.