Apostle not in the Twelve Updated 2025-07-16
Application of matrix multiplication Updated 2025-07-16
Application of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution Updated 2025-07-16
edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/48089/course/section/16461/qsp_chapter7-boltzman.pdf mentions
- sedimentation
- reaction rate as it calculates how likely it is for particles to overcome the activation energy
Isomorphism Updated 2025-07-16
Something analogous to a group isomorphism, but that preserves whatever properties the given algebraic object has. E.g. for a field, we also have to preserve multiplication in addition to addition.
Other common examples include isomorphisms of vector spaces and field. But since both of those two are much simpler than groups in classification, as they are both determined by number of elements/dimension alone, see:
we tend to not talk about isomorphisms so much in those contexts.
Cancer is natural selection gone wrong Updated 2025-07-16
A cool thought about cancer expressed at Power, Sex, Suicide by Nick Lane (2006) is that cancer it is the direct product of natural selection gone wrong!
Cancer cells are obviously selected against anti-cancer mechanism, which when they manage to evade, they reproduce uncontrollably, gaining more and more momentum.
ISO SQL TRIGGER syntax Updated 2025-07-16
PostgreSQL requires you to define a SQL stored procedure: stackoverflow.com/questions/28149494/is-it-possible-to-create-trigger-without-execute-procedure-in-postgresql Their syntax may be standard compliant, not sure about the
EXECUTE part. Their docs: www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createtrigger.htmlSQLite does not support SQL stored procedures at all, so maybe that's why they can't be standard compliant here: stackoverflow.com/questions/3335162/creating-stored-procedure-in-sqlite
SQL:1999 11.38 covers "Trigger definition". The Abstract syntax tree starts with the
CREATE TRIGGER and ends in:<triggered SQL statement> ::=
<SQL procedure statement>This is defined at 13.5 "SQL procedure statement", but that is humongous and I'm not sure what it is at all.
Application-specific integrated circuit Updated 2025-07-16
Isothermal DNA amplification techniques Updated 2025-07-16
Isothermal means "at fixed temperature".
This is to contrast with the more well established polymerase chain reaction, which requires heating and cooling the sample several times.
Italy Updated 2025-07-16
Arago spot Updated 2025-07-16
Cantor's diagonal argument Updated 2025-07-16
Ciro Santilli's hardware 2019-12 Bikehut bicycle repair stand Updated 2025-07-16
Maybe I'm an idiot and should have bought a much smaller rear wheel stand, only thought of that later, e.g.: www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B00G7ZO3GE or www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B00SD7NL44
Rope attached to rear rack + door knob: www.youtube.com/watch?v=teUsJt1WL1g
It is hard to do something useful with a devboard Updated 2025-07-27
In the 2010's/2020's, many people got excited about getting children in to electronics with cheap devboards, notably with Raspberry Pi and Arduino.
While there is some potential in that, Ciro Santilli always felt that this is very difficult to do, while also keeping his sacred principle of backward design in mind.
The reason for this is that "everyone" already has much more powerful computers at hand: their laptops/desktops and even mobile phones as of the 2020s. Except perhaps if you are thing specifically about poor countries.
Therefore, the advantage using such devboards for doing something that could useful must come from either:
- their low cost. This would be an important consideration if you were to mass produce your product, but that is not going to be the case for learners, at least initially.
- their portability, and closely linked their ability to act as sensors
- their ability to act as actuators, which is often missing from regular computers
- them having hardware accelerators that are not normally present in regular computers, e.g. FPGAs or AI accelerators. And then the demo project must demonstrate that the project is able to do something significantly faster/cheaper on the devboard than on a desktop computer.
It is OK to treat things as black boxes Updated 2025-07-16
And most important of all: you should not start learning phenomena by reading the from first principles derivation.
Instead, you should see what happens in experiments, and how matches some known formula (which hopefully has been derived from first principles).
Only open the boxes (understand from first principles derivation) if the need is felt!
E.g.:
- you don't need to understand everything about why SQUID devices have their specific I-V curve curve. You have to first of all learn what the I-V curve would be in an experiment!
- you don't need to understand the fine details of how cavity magnetrons work. What you need to understand first is what kind of microwave you get from what kind of input (DC current), and how that compares to other sources of microwaves
- lasers: same
Physics is all about predicting the future. If you can predict the future with an end result, that's already predicting the future, and valid.
It must be easy to change your area of study Updated 2025-07-16
This is a pre-requisite of Section "Students must have a flexible choice of what to learn".
If the choice of what to learn depend on a years long dependency graph of other obligations, which currently are the increasingly interlinked:you end up without much choice at all.
- passing the University entry exam
- getting your undergrad degree
- getting your PhD
The lock-in periods must be much more fluid and shorter term than those, otherwise it makes the almost inevitable pivots to success impossible.
This is something that Ciro Santilli has heard from several people at the end of their undergrad/PhD degrees. Some online mentions:
Jacquard machine Updated 2025-07-16
Ciro Santilli's hardware Computer accessories Updated 2025-07-26
Java (programming language) Updated 2025-07-16
Java is good.
Its boilerplate requirement is a pain, but the design is otherwise very clean.
But its ecosystem sucks.
The development process is rather closed, the issue tracker obscure.
And above all, Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc. killed everybody's trust in it once and for all. Thanks Oracle.
JavaScript Updated 2025-07-16
The language all browsers converted to as of 2019, and therefore the easiest one to distribute and most widely implemented programming language.
Hopefully will be killed by WebAssembly one day.
Because JavaScript is a relatively crap/ad-hoc language, it ended up some decent tooling to make up for that, e.g. stuff like linting via ESLint and reformatting through Prettier is much more widespread than in other languages.
JavaScript data structure are also quite a bit anemic, which makes libraries such as lodash incredibly popular. But most of that stuff should be in the stdlib.
Our JavaScript examples can be found at:
- Node.js example: examples that don't interact with any browser feature. We are just testing those on the CLI which is much more convenient.
- JavaScript browser example: examples that interact with browser-specific features, notably the DOM
Ciro Santilli's hardware Laptop Updated 2025-07-16
Unlisted articles are being shown, click here to show only listed articles.
