This was so hot (no pun intended) and reproducible that the prize was awarded one year after discovery. Quite rare in those days already.
To Brian Josephson for the prediction of the Josephson effect.
In x86 systems, there may actually be 2 address translation steps:like this:
- first segmentation
- then paging
(logical) ------------------> (linear) ------------> (physical)
segmentation pagingThe major difference between paging and segmentation is that:
- paging splits RAM into equal sized chunks called pages
- segmentation splits memory into chunks of arbitrary sizes
This is the main advantage of paging, since equal sized chunks make things more manageable by reducing memory fragmentation problems. See also:
Paging came after segmentation historically, and largely replaced it for the implementation of virtual memory in modern OSs.
Paging has become so much more popular that support for segmentation was dropped in x86-64 in 64-bit mode, the main mode of operation for new software, where it only exists in compatibility mode, which emulates IA-32.
Superconducting qubits are good because superconductivity is macroscopic Updated 2025-01-10 +Created 1970-01-01
Superconducting qubits are regarded as promising because superconductivity is a macroscopic quantum phenomena of Bose Einstein condensation, and so as a macroscopic phenomena, it is easier to control and observe.
This is mentioned e.g. in this relatively early: physicsworld.com/a/superconducting-quantum-bits/. While most quantum phenomena is observed at the atomic scale, superconducting qubits are micrometer scale, which is huge!
Physicists are comfortable with the use of quantum mechanics to describe atomic and subatomic particles. However, in recent years we have discovered that micron-sized objects that have been produced using standard semiconductor-fabrication techniques – objects that are small on everyday scales but large compared with atoms – can also behave as quantum particles.
- www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/microcontrollers/c_sdk.html
- github.com/raspberrypi/pico-sdk
- github.com/raspberrypi/pico-examples The key hello world examples are:
Ubuntu 22.04 build just worked, nice! Much feels much cleaner than the Micro Bit C setup:
sudo apt install cmake gcc-arm-none-eabi libnewlib-arm-none-eabi libstdc++-arm-none-eabi-newlib
git clone https://github.com/raspberrypi/pico-sdk
cd pico-sdk
git checkout 2e6142b15b8a75c1227dd3edbe839193b2bf9041
cd ..
git clone https://github.com/raspberrypi/pico-examples
cd pico-examples
git checkout a7ad17156bf60842ee55c8f86cd39e9cd7427c1d
cd ..
export PICO_SDK_PATH="$(pwd)/pico-sdk"
cd pico-exampes
mkdir build
cd build
# Board selection.
# https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/microcontrollers/c_sdk.html also says you can give wifi ID and password here for W.
cmake -DPICO_BOARD=pico_w ..
make -jThen we install the programs just like any other UF2 but plugging it in with BOOTSEL pressed and copying the UF2 over, e.g.:Note that there is a separate example for the W and non W LED, for non-W it is:
cp pico_w/blink/picow_blink.uf2 /media/$USER/RPI-RP2/cp blink/blink.uf2 /media/$USER/RPI-RP2/Also tested the UART over USB example:You can then see the UART messages with:
cp hello_world/usb/hello_usb.uf2 /media/$USER/RPI-RP2/screen /dev/ttyACM0 115200TODO understand the proper debug setup, and a flash setup that doesn't require us to plug out and replug the thing every two seconds. www.electronicshub.org/programming-raspberry-pi-pico-with-swd/ appears to describe it, with SWD to do both debug and flash. To do it, you seem need another board with GPIO, e.g. a Raspberry Pi, the laptop alone is not enough.
Let's get SSH access, instal a package, and run a server.
As of December 2023 on a
t2.micro instance, the only one part of free tier at the time with advertised 1 vCPU, 1 GiB RAM, 8 GiB disk for the first 12 months, on Ubuntu 22.04:$ free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 949Mi 149Mi 210Mi 0.0Ki 590Mi 641Mi
Swap: 0B 0B 0B
$ nproc
1
$ df -h /
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/root 7.6G 1.8G 5.8G 24% /To install software:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install cowsay
cowsay asdfOnce HTTP inbound traffic is enabled on security rules for port 80, you can:and then you are able to
while true; do printf "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n`date`: hello from AWS" | sudo nc -Nl 80; donecurl from your local computer and get the response.
Once Ciro Santilli played Suwu herding sheep while his mother in law was around, and she quickly pointed out:He's very popular!
Suwu by Abing!
And also a composer, e.g. he composed Reflections of the Moon on Erquan.
This month included several exciting extremelly user visible web developments.
I can't help to feel how the speed of developments reflects my relative mastery of the stack, I'm very happy about how it went.
Bibliography:
- www.slipcue.com/music/brazil/brazillist.html cute site from the 90s
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