August Wilhelm von Hofmann (1818–1892) was a prominent German chemist known for his contributions to organic chemistry and for being a pioneer in the field of dye chemistry. He played a significant role in the development of synthetic dyes and made important discoveries regarding aniline and its derivatives. Hofmann's research laid the groundwork for the modern chemical industry, particularly in the development of synthetic organic compounds.
Benjamin Wilson (1721–1788) was an English painter and portraitist known for his work during the 18th century. He is recognized for his portraiture, often depicting notable figures of his time. Wilson's style reflected the influences of both the Rococo movement and the more classical styles that were prevalent during his career. In addition to painting, he was also a skilled engraver and a member of the Royal Academy.
Carl Ludwig was a prominent German physiologist and a significant figure in the field of medical research during the 19th century. Born on February 23, 1816, and dying on December 23, 1895, Ludwig made several important contributions to the understanding of physiological processes, particularly in relation to the heart, circulation, and kidney function.
Charles Adolphe Wurtz (1817–1884) was a French chemist renowned for his contributions to organic chemistry and for his work on the study of chemical compounds. He is particularly known for his research on the chemistry of heterocyclic compounds and for the development of various synthetic methods. Wurtz is also credited with the discovery of certain chemical reactions and the synthesis of organic compounds.
Charles Blagden (1748–1820) was an English scientist known for his work in the field of thermodynamics and heat transfer. He is best remembered for his experiments related to heat and combustion, particularly his observations concerning the properties of gases and the concept of specific heat. Blagden conducted experiments that contributed to the understanding of how heat affects materials and the nature of gases. He was also a member of the Royal Society and worked closely with other prominent scientists of his time.
Alan Fersht is a prominent biochemist known for his work in protein engineering, molecular chaperones, and enzyme catalysis. He has contributed significantly to the understanding of protein folding and stability, as well as the mechanisms by which proteins function. Fersht's research often combines experimental techniques with theoretical approaches to elucidate the principles governing protein behavior. He has authored many scientific papers and is recognized in the field for his contributions to biochemistry and molecular biology.
Alan Hodgkin (1914–1998) was a prominent British physiologist best known for his work in the field of neurophysiology. He made significant contributions to the understanding of the electrical properties of nerve cells. Along with Andrew Huxley, Hodgkin received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1963 for their research on the ionic mechanisms involved in the propagation of action potentials in neurons, which was crucial for understanding how signals are transmitted in the nervous system.
Alan R. Battersby is a notable figure in the field of organic chemistry, particularly recognized for his contributions to the study of porphyrins and related compounds. As a researcher, he has significantly impacted the understanding of these important biological molecules, which play critical roles in processes like photosynthesis and respiration. His work has implications in various fields, including biochemistry and materials science.
Albert Kluyver was a Dutch microbiologist, known for his contributions to the field of microbiology, particularly in the study of microbial ecology and systematics. Born on April 11, 1888, and passing away on February 14, 1956, he is recognized for his work on the classification of microorganisms and the relationship between different types of microbes. Kluyver was influential in advancing our understanding of microbial metabolism and ecology.
Alec Jeffreys is a British geneticist renowned for his pioneering work in the field of DNA profiling and genetic fingerprinting. He developed the technique of DNA fingerprinting in 1984, which allows for the identification of individuals based on unique patterns in their DNA. This groundbreaking method has had significant applications in forensic science, paternity testing, and genetic research.
Walther recursion is a method used in functional programming and formal language theory to define functions that can be computed via recursive calls. It builds on the concept of general recursion while emphasizing the structure of recursive definitions. The central idea of Walther recursion is to express a function in terms of a "primitive recursion" along with an additional layer that allows for the use of previously computed values in the recursive process.
The Balaban 10-cage is a specific type of polyhedron that is notable in the study of geometric structures and graph theory. It is a 3-dimensional shape that can be categorized as a type of cage, which is a regular polyhedron that has certain properties related to its vertices, edges, and faces.
The Balaban 11-cage is a type of graph that is part of a family of structures known as cage graphs. Cages are defined as regular graphs that have the smallest possible number of edges for a given number of vertices and girth (the length of the shortest cycle in the graph). Specifically, the Balaban 11-cage is an (11, 3)-cage, meaning it has 11 vertices and a girth of 3.
The Bidiakis cube, also known as the Bidiakis knot, is a mathematical construct and a type of geometric puzzle. It is a variation of a cube that is often used in the study of topology and knot theory. The Bidiakis cube can also refer to a specific configuration of a geometric object where the cube exhibits certain twisting or knot-like properties, making it a subject of interest in mathematical visualization and education.
Blanuša snarks are a specific type of snark, which is a type of non-trivial, 3-regular (each vertex has degree 3), edge-colored graph that lacks any homomorphic mapping to a 3-colorable graph, thus making it non-colorable with three colors. These graphs are named after the Croatian mathematician Josip Blanuša, who discovered them.
In graph theory, a **cage** is a special type of graph that is defined by certain properties related to its vertices and edges. Specifically, a cage is a regular graph (a graph where each vertex has the same degree) with the fewest number of edges for a given degree and a specified girth (the length of the shortest cycle in the graph).
Home automation refers to the use of technology to control various systems and devices within a home, often through a centralized platform or remotely via smartphones or computers. It aims to enhance comfort, convenience, security, and energy efficiency in residential environments. Here are some key aspects of home automation: 1. **Smart Devices**: Home automation typically involves smart devices such as smart lights, thermostats, locks, cameras, speakers, and appliances that can be controlled through a home network.
Instant messaging (IM) is a type of real-time communication technology that allows users to send and receive text messages, images, video, and other digital content over the internet or a network. IM applications enable users to chat in real time, facilitating quick and immediate interactions, often resembling a conversation. Key features of instant messaging include: 1. **Real-time Communication**: Messages are delivered almost instantaneously, allowing for a flowing conversation.
Real-time simulation refers to the process of simulating systems or processes in a way that the simulation runs at the same pace as the real-world counterpart. This means that the simulation responds to inputs and changes in the environment instantaneously or within a specific, allowable delay. The goal is to achieve a high level of accuracy and responsiveness that mirrors real-life scenarios as closely as possible.
ETrice is a model-based software development framework that is primarily used for designing and implementing distributed systems and applications. It is built around the concepts of the Actor model, where components (or "actors") communicate with each other via message passing, making it particularly suitable for applications that require high levels of concurrency and scalability. ETrice provides a set of tools and methodologies to facilitate the specification, design, and implementation of systems.