A qubit, or quantum bit, is the fundamental unit of quantum information in quantum computing. Unlike a classical bit, which can represent a value of either 0 or 1, a qubit can exist in a superposition of both states at the same time. This property allows quantum computers to perform complex calculations more efficiently than classical computers for certain problems.
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A qubit is a two-dimensional quantum system. Its pure state is a ray in a two-dimensional complex Hilbert space and may be written with .
