For a charged Dirac field excitation of mass , multiplicity , electric coupling and scalar Yukawa interaction , two orientations of a fermion loop induce a Higgs boson coupling to two photons. With metric and the usual convention, their physical on-shell scattering amplitude isThe Ward identity holds on both photon legs. At low external energy, the integral tends to . Thus fixed gives an inverse-mass coefficient, whereas gives a constant coefficient as increases at fixed . The distinction is essential when applying heavy-field decoupling.
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