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Mean-square completion of trigonometric polynomials (HM​)

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Mathematics Area of mathematics Analysis Functional analysis Hilbert space Hilbert space completion
2026-10-06  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
Start with finite real linear combinations of 1, cos(λx) and sin(λx) with arbitrary positive real frequencies, and use the inner product ⟨f,g⟩M​=limR→∞​R−1∫−RR​fg. Product-to-sum identities give existence of these averages and mutual orthogonality of distinct frequencies. The squared norm is 2a02​+∑λ​(aλ2​+bλ2​). Its Hilbert space completion contains an uncountable orthonormal set, so is not a separable Hilbert space. This construction does not equip all locally square-integrable functions with an inner product: compactly supported nonzero functions have zero mean square, and other functions have divergent or nonexistent averages.

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  1. Hilbert space completion
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  • Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2014 / iii / Paper 5 / 1 / d / Solution

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