An organic light-emitting diode produces light when injected electrons and electron holes recombine in an organic emitting layer. Contacts and transport layers bring the two charge-carrier types together; radiative relaxation of the resulting excited states supplies the emitted photons. The device is emissive, so an individual display pixel can generate its own light.
The 1987 two-layer device used an indium tin oxide anode, an organic hole-transport layer, an aluminum-chelate emitting layer and a magnesium-silver cathode. Electrode choice and the organic interface confined recombination to the emitting region. Measuring current and escaping light separately distinguished charge injection from useful optical output.[ref]

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