The wavelength at is . For an ideal circular aperture of diameter , the Rayleigh criterion places one source at the first minimum of the other's Airy disk:
(1)
The customary full-ring packing estimate for the number of resolvable positions in a geostationary orbit is
(2)
This is an ideal angular-packing estimate. It identifies apparent angular spacing with spacing around the orbital ring and disregards Earth's occultation and station location. An individual ground station cannot see the whole ring; exact conversion from orbital longitude to sky direction requires its location and the orbital radius. Also, a practical tapered antenna illumination changes the ideal circular-aperture response.

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