A distant satellite supplies an approximately collimated incident beam. A concave spherical mirror of radius of curvature has paraxial focal length . Put the receiving feed at the principal focus, on the optical axis in front of the dish:
(1)
The radius of curvature relation is a paraxial approximation. A practical dish is usually a parabolic reflector, which focuses an on-axis collimated beam without spherical aberration; a literal spherical dish has spherical aberration, so an exact optimum over its full aperture would need a specified focusing criterion.

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