The neutron has valence content and total spin ; its ground-state parity is positive. The two down quarks contribute charge and the up quark contributes , giving net charge zero. “Three valence quarks” specifies the net flavor quantum numbers, rather than excluding gluons or additional sea quark–antiquark components from the full Quantum chromodynamics state.
In the approximate light-flavor SU(3) classification, the neutron belongs to the ground-state baryon octet, containing eight hadrons:
(1)
These are eight particle species, without counting their antiparticles again as extra members of the same octet. The corresponding antibaryons form the conjugate particle set. Within the smaller SU(2) isospin classification, the neutron instead belongs to the two-member nucleon doublet . Stating the symmetry distinguishes the usual eight-member flavor multiplet answer from the also valid two-member isospin multiplet. The baryon decuplet has different ground-state spin and is not the neutron's octet.

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