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Averaging the given Dirichlet kernels gives the normalized Fejér kernelThe geometric-series identity, or summing the sine terms, proves the second equality. At multiples of $2\pi$ use its removable value $n/(2\pi )$. Therefore $K_n\ge 0$, andis a positive linear operator on continuous functions. The Fourier partial sums, viewed as orthogonal projections, fix $1$, so ${\sigma }_{n}1=1$ and $\int K_n=1$. They also fix $\sin x$ and $\cos x$ for degrees at least one, whereas $s_0$ annihilates them. ConsequentlyAll three periodic Korovkin theorem tests converge uniformly. Hence Fejér sums converge uniformly for every continuous periodic function: