An average of a specified temperature record over a stated interval or ensemble. For a time mean, observations must represent elapsed durations: irregularly spaced readings generally require time weighting. The half-sum of a daily maximum and minimum is a conventional daily statistic and need not equal the continuous time mean.
An instrument for estimating high temperatures. The physical response and calibration must be specified; thermal expansion, a calorimetric transfer, electrical properties and emitted radiation lead to different methods and different limitations.
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Temperature measurement is the process of determining the degree of heat or coldness of an object or environment. It is an essential parameter in various fields, including meteorology, medicine, engineering, and environmental science. Temperature is typically measured using various types of instruments known as thermometers, which can operate on different principles.