UPF3 is a conserved factor associated with nonsense-mediated decay. In mammalian exon-junction-linked surveillance, UPF3 proteins can connect an exon-junction-associated assembly with UPF2 and downstream UPF1-dependent events. Human paralogues UPF3A and UPF3B differ in context and activity, so the generic label should not imply identical contributions in every cell. Artificial tethering experiments helped establish that positioning UPF factors downstream of a termination codon can promote decay. [ref]
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