Anode rays, also known as canal rays, are a type of positively charged particle beam observed in a discharge tube. They were discovered by Eugen Goldstein in 1886. Anode rays are produced when a high-voltage electrical discharge passes through a low-pressure gas, resulting in the ionization of the gas.

A paper plane, also known as a paper airplane, is a toy or model airplane made from folded paper. It is created by folding a sheet of paper into a specific shape that allows it to glide through the air when thrown. The design of a paper plane can significantly affect its flying distance, stability, and maneuverability. Making a paper plane typically involves a few simple folds, and there are many different designs that enthusiasts use to achieve various flying characteristics.

KCNK3 is a gene that encodes a protein known as potassium channel subfamily K member 3 (also referred to as K2P3.1). This protein is part of a group of channels known as two-pore domain potassium channels (K2P channels), which are involved in controlling the flow of potassium ions across the cell membrane.

An anonymous post refers to a message or content shared online without the author's identity being revealed. This can occur on various platforms, forums, or social media sites where users have the option to post without registering or disclosing their real names. Anonymous posts are often used for sharing personal opinions, experiences, or sensitive information without fear of judgment or repercussions. The concept of anonymity can encourage open discussion, facilitate honesty, and protect the privacy of individuals discussing controversial or personal topics.

Anriette Esterhuysen is a prominent figure in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT) for development. She is recognized for her work in promoting the use of ICT in various areas, particularly in relation to social and economic development, human rights, and internet governance.

Ansaldo Energia is an Italian company that specializes in the design, manufacturing, and servicing of power generation equipment and systems. It is particularly known for its gas and steam turbines, as well as its services related to power plant operations and maintenance. Based in Genoa, Italy, the company has a significant presence in the global energy sector, supplying equipment for thermal and renewable power plants.

Antennas are specialized devices used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, primarily in the radio frequency (RF) spectrum. They convert electrical energy into radio waves (for transmission) and vice versa (for reception). Antennas play a crucial role in various communication systems, including radio, television, mobile phones, Wi-Fi, and radar.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2023, there is no widely known figure or concept named "Anthony Ichiro Sanda." It's possible that it could refer to a relatively unknown individual, a fictional character, a term in a specific niche, or something that has gained significance after that date.

The Volterra series is a mathematical framework used to represent nonlinear systems in terms of their input-output relationships. Named after the Italian mathematician Vito Volterra, this series generalizes the concept of a Taylor series to handle nonlinear dynamics. ### Key Concepts: 1. **Nonlinearity**: Unlike linear systems, where output is directly proportional to input, nonlinear systems exhibit more complex behaviors. The Volterra series captures these nonlinearities systematically.

An antilinear map (or antilinear transformation) is a type of function between two vector spaces that preserves the structure of the spaces in a specific way, but differs from a linear map in terms of how it handles scalar multiplication.

The Antilles Current is a warm oceanic current in the Caribbean Sea. It flows northwestward along the northern coast of the Greater Antilles, which includes islands such as Cuba, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico. This current is part of the larger Caribbean Current system and is influenced by both the North Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf Stream. The Antilles Current plays a significant role in the regional climate and marine ecosystem.

The anti-nuclear movement is a social and political movement aimed at opposing the use of nuclear energy and nuclear weapons. This movement has evolved since the mid-20th century, gaining prominence during the Cold War as concerns about nuclear weapons proliferation and the potential for nuclear war grew.

In the context of physics and material science, particularly in the study of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials, an anti-phase domain refers to a region within a material where the order parameter (like polarization in ferroelectrics or magnetization in ferromagnets) is aligned oppositely compared to its neighboring regions. This can result in distinct domain structures where the orientation of the dipoles or spins differs from those in adjacent domains.

"Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a superhero film produced by Marvel Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It is a sequel to 2015's "Ant-Man" and is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). Released in July 2018, the film is directed by Peyton Reed and stars Paul Rudd as Scott Lang/Ant-Man and Evangeline Lilly as Hope van Dyne/The Wasp.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2021, Antonio Auffinger is not a widely recognized public figure, and there may not be substantial information available about him. Without additional context, it's difficult to determine who he is or his relevance in any specific field.

Antonio Cagnoli (1762–1828) was an Italian astronomer and mathematician known for his contributions to celestial mechanics and astronomy. He is notable for his work in mapping the moon and for his studies related to the orbits of celestial bodies. Cagnoli was also involved in the publication of astronomical charts and contributed to the advancement of the sciences in Italy during his time. His legacy includes his role in the development of observational techniques and mathematical methods in astronomy.

Antonio Casilli is an academic and researcher known for his work in the fields of digital sociology, labor studies, and the impact of technology on society. He has contributed to the understanding of how digital platforms affect labor dynamics, particularly in the context of online work and the gig economy. Casilli has written about the implications of digital technologies for social relationships and the organization of work, examining how these changes influence our lives and societies.

Volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs) are a type of ion channel found in the cell membrane that play a crucial role in cellular volume regulation. They are activated in response to cell swelling, which can occur in various physiological and pathological conditions. When cells swell, they need to release ions and other small solutes to restore their original volume.

Pre-test and post-test probabilities are concepts used primarily in clinical medicine and diagnostic testing to evaluate the likelihood of a condition before and after a diagnostic test is performed. ### Pre-Test Probability - **Definition**: Pre-test probability refers to the probability that a patient has a particular condition or disease before any diagnostic tests are performed. It is based on clinical judgment, patient history, risk factors, and, in some cases, prior epidemiological data.

Antoon Kolen is a Dutch mathematician notable for his work in the field of number theory, particularly in relation to prime numbers and their distribution. He is recognized for developing innovative mathematical concepts and contributing to various mathematical problems.