An axial-flow pump is a type of hydraulic machine that moves fluid primarily in a direction parallel to the pump's shaft. In these pumps, the flow is typically generated by an impeller, which imparts kinetic energy to the fluid. As the impeller rotates, it creates a low-pressure area at the eye (center) of the impeller, drawing fluid in and pushing it out at high speed along the axial direction.

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A backup rotation scheme is a strategy used to manage data backups in a way that ensures data integrity, availability, and optimal use of storage resources while minimizing potential loss of data. It involves systematically creating, storing, and replacing backups according to a defined schedule. The purpose is to balance between retaining multiple versions of data, ensuring regular backups, and managing storage capacity.

Balasubramanian Gopal could refer to a person, but without additional context, it's difficult to provide specific information. There are many individuals with that name, and they may be involved in various fields such as academics, business, or the arts.

A Ball Differential, often referred to in the context of vehicles, is a type of differential that uses spherical (ball-shaped) elements to allow for the distribution of torque and enable the wheels to rotate at different speeds. This is particularly useful when a vehicle is turning, as the outside wheels cover a greater distance than the inside wheels, requiring different rotational speeds to maintain stability and traction.

A balloon tank is a type of storage tank used to hold liquids or gases under pressure. The design is typically characterized by its flexible, balloon-like structure that can expand or contract depending on the volume of the contents inside. Balloon tanks are often made from strong materials like rubber or specialized plastics that can withstand pressure while allowing for some elasticity. In industrial applications, balloon tanks can be used for storing liquids such as water, chemicals, or fuel.

The Principle of Least Astonishment (POLA), also known as the Principle of Least Surprise, is a design guideline used in software development and user interface design. The core idea behind this principle is that a system should behave in a way that least surprises its users. When the behavior of a system is intuitive and aligns with user expectations, users can interact with it more easily and effectively.

Balthasar Bekker (1634–1698) was a Dutch minister and theologian, best known for his controversial work on the nature of witchcraft and the supernatural. His most notable book, "The World Bewitched" (originally "De Betoverde Weereld"), published in 1691, argued against the prevailing belief in witchcraft and superstition, advocating for a rational and theological perspective that dismissed the idea of witches and the traditional practices associated with them.

The Balzam-class intelligence ship is a type of naval vessel used by the Russian Navy, primarily designed for reconnaissance and intelligence-gathering operations. These ships are equipped with various sensors and communication systems that allow them to monitor electronic signals, collect intelligence data, and perform surveillance missions. The Balzam-class vessels are typically modified versions of existing naval ships, adapted to carry out specific intelligence functions.

The Principle of Similitude is a concept primarily used in engineering and fluid mechanics, which deals with the relationship between model systems and their real-world counterparts. This principle allows engineers and scientists to create scaled-down versions (models) of physical systems to study their behavior, performance, or properties without the need for full-scale experiments, which can be costly or impractical.

Barb Audiences refers to a service provided by the UK’s Broadcasters' Audience Research Board (BARB), which measures and reports audience viewing figures for television and video content in the United Kingdom. The BARB Audiences platform provides insights into who is watching what, where, and when, offering detailed analytics for broadcasters, advertisers, and content producers.

The Barnes zeta function is an extension of the classical Riemann zeta function and is defined in the context of number theory and special functions. It is primarily associated with the theory of multiple zeta values and has connections to various areas of mathematics, including algebra, topology, and mathematical physics. The Barnes zeta function, denoted as \( \zeta_B(s, a) \), depends on two parameters: \( s \) and \( a \).

The Baron Tornado Index (BTI) is a numerical scale developed to assess the likelihood of tornado formations. It is named after Dr. Alan Baron, who contributed to the development of this index as part of his research in meteorology. The BTI takes into account various atmospheric parameters, such as wind speed, moisture content, and instability within the atmosphere, to provide a more quantitative measure of tornado risk compared to traditional qualitative methods.

Baruch Barzel is a prominent Israeli economist known for his contributions to economic theory, particularly in the areas of international trade, public choice, and economic history. His work often explores the intersection between economic policies and political structures. His research has had a significant impact on understanding how economic systems function within different governance frameworks.

A "weather hole" is not a widely recognized meteorological term, but it could refer to a few concepts depending on the context. Generally, it can describe an area where weather conditions are significantly different from the surrounding regions, often resulting in clear skies or calm conditions in what is otherwise a stormy or unstable weather environment.

The Artificio de Juanelo, also known as Juanelo Turriano's Water Pump, is an intriguing historical engineering device located in Toledo, Spain. Designed in the 16th century by the Italian engineer and inventor Juanelo Turriano, it was created to supply water from the Tagus River to the city of Toledo, which is situated on a hill and experienced water supply challenges.

In Unified Modeling Language (UML), an **Artifact** is a physical piece of information that is the result of a development process.

Arthur Compton (1892–1962) was an American experimental physicist best known for his work in the field of X-ray and gamma-ray physics. He is most renowned for the discovery of the Compton effect, which demonstrates the particle nature of electromagnetic radiation. This effect describes how X-rays or gamma rays collide with electrons, resulting in a change in the wavelength of the radiation, which provides evidence for the dual wave-particle nature of light.

Artaria generally refers to a fictional region or area found in various media, particularly in video games. It is most commonly associated with the popular "Metroid" series developed by Nintendo. In "Metroid Dread," which is the most recent installment of the series, Artaria is one of the locations players explore, featuring a rich landscape filled with enemies, puzzles, and secrets.

"Ars Conjectandi," which translates to "The Art of Conjecturing," is a seminal work in the field of probability theory written by the Swiss mathematician Jakob Bernoulli. It was published posthumously in 1713, a year after Bernoulli's death. The book is regarded as one of the foundational texts of probability theory and introduced important concepts, including the law of large numbers.