Herzog & de Meuron is an internationally acclaimed Swiss architecture firm founded in 1978 by architects Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron. The firm is known for its innovative and diverse range of projects, which include cultural buildings, urban developments, and residential complexes. Herzog & de Meuron focuses on contextual design and often uses materials and techniques that respond to the specific characteristics of a site.

The term "interactome" refers to the comprehensive network of molecular interactions within a cell. It encompasses all the interactions that occur between various biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and small molecules. The interactome is a key component of systems biology and is essential for understanding the complex biochemical processes that underpin cellular function.

A heterometallic copper-aluminum superatom refers to a specific type of cluster or nanoparticle that combines copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) atoms displaying properties akin to a single "superatom." Superatoms are clusters of atoms that behave as a single atom with collective electronic properties, often exhibiting unique chemical and physical characteristics that differ from their individual atomic constituents.

Hexcel Corporation is a leading global supplier of advanced composite materials and engineered products, primarily used in the aerospace, automotive, and industrial sectors. The company specializes in manufacturing carbon fibers, epoxy resins, honeycomb cores, and prepregs (pre-impregnated fibers) that are crucial for producing lightweight and high-performance components. Hexcel serves major customers including aircraft manufacturers, defense contractors, and companies in various industrial fields.

Higher-dimensional Einstein gravity refers to the generalization of Einstein's theory of general relativity to spaces with more than four dimensions. In Einstein's original formulation, gravity is described as the curvature of spacetime, which is modeled by a four-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian manifold. In the case of higher-dimensional Einstein gravity, one extends this framework to \(d\)-dimensional spacetimes, where \(d > 4\).

Higher order coherence refers to the statistical properties of light (or other fields) that go beyond the second-order autocorrelation, which is typically used to describe intensity fluctuations of classical and quantum light sources. In classical optics, coherence is often described using first-order and second-order coherence measures. 1. **First-order coherence** relates to the phase relation between light waves and is typically expressed through the complex degree of coherence. It is crucial for phenomena such as interference.

High frequency data refers to datasets that are collected and recorded at very short intervals, often in real time. This type of data is commonly used in various fields, including finance, economics, and environmental monitoring. Here are some key characteristics and applications of high frequency data: ### Characteristics: 1. **Time Interval**: High frequency data is typically collected at intervals of seconds, minutes, or even milliseconds, as opposed to traditional datasets that may be updated daily, weekly, or monthly.

High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) is an advanced thin-film deposition technique that enhances the traditional magnetron sputtering process by using high-power pulses instead of continuous power. This technology is utilized to create thin films with enhanced properties, which can be utilized in a variety of applications, including coatings for tools, electronics, optics, and more.

High rail refers to a vehicle that is capable of operating on both road and rail tracks. These vehicles are often used for maintenance and inspection of railway lines and infrastructure. High rail vehicles have special equipment, such as retractable rail wheels, that can be lowered onto the tracks for railway operations and raised for conventional road travel. High rail technology allows for efficient movement between road and rail without the need for changing vehicles, making it easier for maintenance crews to access various parts of the railway network.

Hilbert's twentieth problem is one of the 23 problems presented by the German mathematician David Hilbert in 1900. The problem specifically deals with the field of mathematics known as algebraic number theory and has to do with the decidability of certain kinds of equations. The statement of Hilbert's twentieth problem asks whether there is an algorithm to determine whether a given Diophantine equation has a solution in integers.

The history and philosophy of science is an interdisciplinary field that examines the development of scientific knowledge and practices throughout history, as well as the underlying philosophical questions and implications that arise from scientific inquiry. Here’s a breakdown of its two main components: ### History of Science The history of science investigates how scientific ideas, practices, institutions, and technologies have evolved over time.

The history of artificial life (ALife) encompasses a multidisciplinary field that studies life processes through the synthesis and simulation of living systems in artificial environments. It covers several areas including biology, computer science, robotics, and philosophy. Here's a brief overview of its development: ### Early Concepts and Foundations - **1920s-1950s**: Early thoughts on artificial life can be traced back to ideas in literature and philosophy about the nature of life.

A **holonomic function** is a function that satisfies a linear ordinary differential equation with polynomial coefficients.

The history of IBM mainframe operating systems is a fascinating journey that reflects the evolution of computing technology. Here's an overview of the key developments: ### 1. **Early Days (1950s)** - **IBM 701 (1952)**: IBM's first scientific computer, but it used a simple set of instructions and did not have a real operating system.

Information theory is a branch of applied mathematics and electrical engineering involving the quantification of information. The development of information theory is attributed to several key figures and milestones throughout the 20th century. Here's an overview of its history: ### Early Foundations (Pre-20th Century) - **Claude Shannon**: Often called the father of information theory, his seminal work in the 1940s laid the groundwork for the field. However, before Shannon, there were important contributions by other scientists.

The history of laptops is a fascinating journey that reflects advances in technology, design, and user needs. Here's an overview of key milestones in the evolution of laptops: ### 1960s - 1970s: Early Concepts - **1968**: The concept of a portable computer was first introduced by Alan Kay at Xerox PARC, who envisioned a "Dynabook" that would be a personal computer for children.

Software Configuration Management (SCM) is a critical discipline within software engineering that focuses on managing changes to software systems. It encompasses a wide range of practices and tools aimed at maintaining the integrity and consistency of software products throughout their lifecycle. The history of SCM reflects the evolution of software development practices and technologies over the decades.